Racial/Ethnic Differences in the Rates and Correlates of HIV Risk Behaviors among Drug Abusers
Racial/Ethnic Differences in the Rates and Correlates of HIV Risk Behaviors among Drug Abusers
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1521-0391.2013.00303.x
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发表时间：
2013-03-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Greenfield, Shelly F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brooks, Audrey J.;Lokhnygina, Yuliya;Greenfield, Shelly F.
背景HIV感染对少数民族的影响不成比例；然而，关于种族/民族差异对HIV危险行为的流行率及其相关性的研究有限。目的研究参与NIDA临床试验网络试验的受试者中HIV危险行为发生率的种族/民族差异，以及HIV危险因素与HIV危险行为之间的关系是否因种族/民族而异。结果样本中非西班牙裔白人占41%，非西班牙裔黑人占32%，西班牙裔占27%(N=2,063)。获得近1个月HIV危险行为及物质和心理社会危险因素的测评结果。总体上，非西班牙裔黑人的HIV性危险行为比非西班牙裔白人要少。虽然非西班牙裔白人最有可能报告使用任何注射毒品，但西班牙裔人从事的艾滋病毒药物危险行为最多。特定的危险因素对种族/民族的艾滋病毒危险行为有不同的预测作用。酒精使用的严重程度与非西班牙裔黑人和白人从事更高的性行为风险有关。更严重的精神疾病与非西班牙裔白人从事更高的性行为风险有关。对于非西班牙裔白人和西班牙裔美国人来说，药物使用的严重程度与从事更高风险的毒品行为有关，而这种关系在西班牙裔美国人中的程度更大。结论这些发现强调了在种族/民族群体中测试艾滋病毒风险预防干预措施的进一步研究的必要性，以确定目标行为或危险因素，这些目标行为或危险因素是为艾滋病毒干预措施提供信息的显著因素。科学意义本研究对心理社会危险因素和艾滋病毒危险行为之间的关系中的种族/民族差异进行了系统的检查。(Am J Addit 2013；22：136-147)
Background HIV infection disproportionately impacts minorities; yet research on racial/ethnic differences in the prevalence and correlates of HIV risk behaviors is limited. Objective This study examined racial/ethnic differences in the rates of HIV risk behaviors and whether the relationship between HIV risk factors and HIV risk behaviors varies by race/ethnicity in clients participating in NIDA Clinical Trials Network trials. Results The sample was 41% non-Hispanic White, 32% non-Hispanic Black, and 27% Hispanic (N=2,063). HIV risk behaviors and measures of substance and psychosocial HIV risk factors in the past month were obtained. Non-Hispanic Blacks engaged in less HIV sexual risk behaviors overall than non-Hispanic Whites. While non-Hispanic Whites were the most likely to report any injection drug use, Hispanics engaged in the most HIV drug risk behaviors. Specific risk factors were differentially predictive of HIV risk behavior by race/ethnicity. Alcohol use severity was related to engaging in higher sex risk behaviors for non-Hispanic Blacks and Whites. Greater psychiatric severity was related to engaging in higher sex risk behaviors for non-Hispanic Whites. Drug use severity was associated with engaging in higher risk drug behaviors for non-Hispanic Whites and Hispanics with the magnitude of the relationship stronger for Hispanics. Conclusions These findings highlight the need for further research testing HIV risk prevention interventions within racial/ethnic groups to identify target behaviors or risk factors that are salient to inform HIV interventions. Scientific Significance The present study provides a systematic examination of race/ethnicity differences in the relationship between psychosocial risk factors and HIV risk behaviors. (Am J Addict 2013;22:136-147)