N-Fixation by Free-Living and Endophytic Bacteria and Their Impact on Field Crops with Emphasis on Rice
N-Fixation by Free-Living and Endophytic Bacteria and Their Impact on Field Crops with Emphasis on Rice
复制标题
自由生活和内生细菌的固氮及其对大田作物（重点是水稻）的影响
DOI：
10.1007/978-981-19-4906-7_16
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Okamoto Takanori
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kondo Motohiko;Shinjo Rina;Okamoto Takanori
有效利用固氮对建立减少对化肥依赖的作物生产体系具有重要意义。本章综述了以水稻为重点的非豆科作物自由生长和内生固氮的生态生理和农艺方面的最新研究成果，并提出了未来的研究方向。水田的独特之处在于，由于涝渍和由此产生的不同氧环境，水田在土壤、根际和植物中具有不同的固氮系统，其有效利用对可持续粮食生产具有重要价值。特别是，随着元dna /RNA分析技术的发展，在微生物方面取得了重大进展，表明土壤和植物中可能存在多种固氮系统。进一步阐明这些系统作为微生物群落的代谢方面，并定量估计其贡献，将有助于促进其利用。此外，由于C基质是所有固氮系统的驱动因子，因此，考虑到全球变暖，从微观到宏观和长期的角度来看，建立碳循环以优化农业用地上的N富集、C固存和作物生产力的策略将是有用的。
Effective use of N-fixation is important to establish crop production system with reduced dependency on chemical N fertilizer. This chapter reviews the past and recent findings on the ecophysiological and agronomic aspects of free-living and endophytic N-fixation in non-legume crops with an emphasis on rice and proposes the future research. Paddy fields are unique in that they have diverse N-fixation systems in soil, rhizosphere, and plant, due to waterlogging and the resulting various oxygen environment, and their effective utilization is valuable for sustainable food production. In particular, significant progress has been made in the microbial aspects by development of meta-DNA/RNA analysis, indicating that a variety of N-fixiation systems may be functioning in the soil and plant. Further elucidation of the metabolic aspects of these systems as microbial community with quantitative estimation on their contributions will help to promote their utilization. In addition, since C substrate is a driving factor in all N-fixation systems, a strategy to establish the C cycle to optimize N enrichment, C sequestration, and crop productivity in agricultural land will be useful from a micro- to macroscopic and long-term perspective with consideration on global warming.