Verbal vulnerability of perceptual expertise.
Verbal vulnerability of perceptual expertise.
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感知专业知识的言语脆弱性。
DOI：
10.1037//0278-7393.21.6.1608
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Schooler,JW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fallshore,M;Schooler,JW
三个实验探索了知觉专业知识在调节描述一张脸会损害后来的识别这一发现(称为言语遮蔽)中的作用。在实验1中，言语损害了白人参与者对白人面孔的识别(专家领域)，但不影响非裔美国人面孔的识别(新手领域)。在实验2中，被试试图根据实验1中产生的言语描述来识别目标。实验2揭示了口头化被试的再认成绩与被试对其他种族面孔而不是自己种族面孔的识别成绩之间的显著关系，这表明异族面孔再认可能涉及对可用言语表达的信息的独特依赖。在实验3中，直立面孔复制了动词化与面孔种族之间的交互作用，但倒置识别阵列(一种减少结构信息影响的操作)减弱了这种交互作用。总而言之，这些发现表明，言语表达可能会扰乱与识别自己擅长的刺激相关的不可报告的配置过程。
Three experiments explored the role of perceptual expertise in mediating the finding (termed verbal overshadowing) that describing a face can impair later recognition. In Experiment 1, verbalization impaired White participants' recognition of White faces (expert domain) but not African American faces (novice domain). In Experiment 2, judges attempted to identify targets on the basis of the verbal descriptions generated in Experiment 1. Experiment 2 revealed a significant relationship between verbalization participants' recognition performance and yoked judges' identification performance for other-race but not own-race faces, suggesting that other-race recognition may involve a unique reliance on" verbalizable" information. In Experiment 3, the interaction between verbalization and race of face was replicated with upright faces but was attenuated with inverted recognition arrays (a manipulation that reduces the influence of configural information). Collectively, these findings suggest that verbalization may disrupt the nonreportable configural processes associated with recognizing stimuli with which one is an expert.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)