Changes in depression and anxiety through mindfulness group therapy in Japan: the role of mindfulness and self-compassion as possible mediators
Changes in depression and anxiety through mindfulness group therapy in Japan: the role of mindfulness and self-compassion as possible mediators
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DOI：
10.1186/s13030-019-0145-4
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发表时间：
2019-02-18
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Kumano, Hiroaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takahashi, Toru;Sugiyama, Fukiko;Kumano, Hiroaki
基于正念的干预措施在世界范围内越来越多地用于治疗抑郁症和焦虑症，并已显示出有效的证据。然而，在日本进行后续研究之前，很少有研究在抑郁和焦虑的标准方案的基础上检验以正念为基础的团体治疗的效果。这项研究解决了这一差距。此外，本研究还探讨了正念、走神、自我同情、行为抑制和行为激活系统（BIS/BAS）作为可能的中介的作用机制。方法我们对16名患有抑郁症和/或焦虑症的人进行了为期8周的正念小组治疗。在干预前后和2个月的随访中，采用抑郁和特质焦虑（结果变量）、正念、走神、自我同情和BIS/BAS（过程变量）问卷进行测量。对结果变量和过程变量的变化进行了检验，并探讨了这些变量变化之间的相关性。结果从干预前到干预后及随访，抑郁和焦虑显著下降，有中等到较大的效应量。在过程变量中，正念的观察和非反应性方面从干预前到干预后和随访显著增加。从干预前到随访，正念和自我同情的非判断方面显著增加。正念、走神和BIS/BAS的其他方面没有显著变化。正念和自我同情某些方面的改善以及BIS的减少与抑郁和焦虑的减少显著相关。结论在日本，为期8周的正念团体治疗对抑郁症和焦虑症患者可能有效。正念和自我同情可能是正念团体治疗效果的重要中介。未来的研究应该通过使用对照组来证实这些发现。试点注册大学医院医疗信息网（UMIN CTR） um000022966。2016年7月1日注册，https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000026425
BackgroundMindfulness-based interventions are increasingly being implemented worldwide for problems with depression and anxiety, and they have shown evidence of efficacy. However, few studies have examined the effects of a mindfulness-based group therapy based on standard programs for depression and anxiety until follow-up in Japan. This study addresses that gap. Furthermore, this study explored the mechanisms of action, focusing on mindfulness, mind wandering, self-compassion, and the behavioral inhibition and behavioral activation systems (BIS/BAS) as possible mediators.MethodsWe examined 16 people who suffered from depression and/or anxiety in an 8-week mindfulness group therapy. Measurements were conducted using questionnaires on depression and trait-anxiety (outcome variables), mindfulness, mind wandering, self-compassion, and the BIS/BAS (process variables) at pre- and post-intervention and 2-month follow-up. Changes in the outcome and process variables were tested, and the correlations among the changes in those variables were explored.ResultsDepression and anxiety decreased significantly, with moderate to large effect sizes, from pre- to post-intervention and follow-up. In process variables, the observing and nonreactivity facets of mindfulness significantly increased from pre- to post-intervention and follow-up. The nonjudging facet of mindfulness and self-compassion significantly increased from pre-intervention to follow-up. Other facets of mindfulness, mind wandering, and the BIS/BAS did not significantly change. Improvements in some facets of mindfulness and self-compassion and reductions in BIS were significantly correlated with decreases in depression and anxiety.ConclusionsAn 8-week mindfulness group therapy program may be effective for people suffering from depression and anxiety in Japan. Mindfulness and self-compassion may be important mediators of the effects of the mindfulness group therapy. Future studies should confirm these findings by using a control group.Trial registrationUniversity Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN CTR) UMIN000022966. Registered July 1, 2016, https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000026425