Racial Differences of Pediatric Hypertension in Relation to Birth Weight and Body Size in the United States.
Racial Differences of Pediatric Hypertension in Relation to Birth Weight and Body Size in the United States.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0132606
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Liu L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen L;Simonsen N;Liu L
众所周知，高血压在美国成年人中的患病率因种族而异，但在儿童中的发现很少，而且不一致。本研究的目的是评估儿童高血压的种族差异，并探索这些差异是否可以用低出生体重(LBW)和肥胖来解释。对1999-2010年国民健康和营养检查调查中8-17岁的参与者(N=9,250)进行了分析。考虑到复杂的调查设计，进行了多因素Logistic回归和加权分析。与非西班牙裔白人青年相比，非西班牙裔黑人高血压的粗略患病率显著高于非西班牙裔黑人(7.1%比5.6%；P=0.04)，但在墨西哥裔美国人中没有(5.4%比5.6%；P=0.77)。黑人的低体重率(14.6%vs.5.9%；P<；0.001)和肥胖率(22.9%vs.15.8%；P<；0.001)也高于白人。在按年龄-性别分组的分层分析中，高血压患病率的黑白差异仅在13-17岁的男孩中显著(9.6%对6.6%)。在控制年龄后，黑人男孩患高血压的几率比13-17岁的白人青年高51%(优势比=1.51；95%可信区间：1.03，3.43；P=0.04)。这种种族差异持续存在，并对出生体重(优势比(OR)=2.00；P=0.02)和当前身体质量指数(OR=1.50；P=0.04)进行了额外的调整。在调整了年龄、性别、出生体重和肥胖(优势比=0.82；P=0.16)和年龄-性别分层亚组后，墨西哥裔美国青年的高血压患病率与白人青年相比没有差异。在美国，非西班牙裔黑人青少年男孩的高血压患病率明显高于非西班牙裔白人男孩。这种种族差异不能用LBW和黑人人口目前的肥胖状况来解释。
The prevalence of hypertension is known to differ by racial group in adults in the United States (US), but findings in children are scarce and inconsistent. The objective of this study was to assess the racial differences in pediatric hypertension and to explore whether these differences, if any, can be explained by low birth weight (LBW) and obesity. Analyses were performed for participants aged 8–17 years (N = 9,250) included in the 1999–2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multivariate logistic regressions and weighted analysis were carried out considering the complex survey design. Compared to non-Hispanic White youth, the crude prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in non-Hispanic Blacks (7.1% vs. 5.6%; P = 0.04), but not in Mexican Americans (5.4% vs. 5.6%; P = 0.77). Blacks also had higher rates of LBW (14.6% vs. 5.9%; P <0.001) and obesity (22.9% vs. 15.8%; P <0.001) than Whites. In stratified analysis by age-sex groups, the Black-White difference in hypertension prevalence was only significant in boys aged 13–17 (9.6% vs. 6.6%). After controlling for age, Black boys had a 51% higher odds of having hypertension (Odds ratio = 1.51; 95% confidence interval: 1.03, 3.43; P = 0.04) compared to White youth at ages 13–17. This racial difference persisted with additional adjustment for birth weight (odds ratio (OR) = 2.00; P = 0.02) and for current body mass index (OR = 1.50; P = 0.04). Mexican American youth had no difference in hypertension prevalence as compared to White youth after adjusting for age, sex, birth weight and obesity (Odds ratio = 0.82; P = 0.16) and in age-sex stratified subgroups. Non-Hispanic Black adolescent boys have a significantly higher hypertension rate than their non-Hispanic White counterparts in the US. This racial difference cannot be explained by LBW and current obesity status within the Black population.