Genetic variation in the endangered wild apple (Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill.) in Belgium as revealed by amplified fragment length polymorphism and microsatellite markers
Genetic variation in the endangered wild apple (Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill.) in Belgium as revealed by amplified fragment length polymorphism and microsatellite markers
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-294x.2003.01778.x
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发表时间：
2003-04-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Roldán-Ruiz, I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Coart, E;Vekemans, X;Roldán-Ruiz, I
利用扩增片段长度多态性 (AFLP) 和微卫星标记研究了野苹果样本 (Malus sylvestris) 和栽培苹果树内部和之间的遗传变异，为比利时濒临灭绝的野苹果制定了保护遗传学计划。总共，76 个假定的野苹果（原产于比利时和德国）、6 个假定的杂交品种和 39 个品种在 12 个简单序列重复 (SSR) 和 139 个扩增片段长度多态性 (AFLP) 位点上进行了分型。主坐标分析和基于模型的聚类方法将苹果分为三个主要基因库：野生Malus sylvestris基因型、食用品种和观赏品种。所有假定的杂交品种和两个采样为 M. sylvestris 的个体（一名比利时人，一名德国人）都被完全分配到可食用品种基因库中，这表明栽培基因型存在于野生环境中。然而，野生和栽培基因库之间的基因流动几乎不存在，只有三种基因型显示出野生和可食用品种基因库之间存在混合的证据。在比利时和德国采样的野苹果构成了与栽培品种明显不同的基因库，尽管野苹果种群之间存在一些遗传分化的地理模式，但大多数变异都集中在样本内。 AFLP和SSR标记得到了一致的结论，表明基因型间和样本间遗传距离均具有高度显着的相关性。
The genetic variation within and between wild apple samples (Malus sylvestris ) and cultivated apple trees was investigated with amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) and microsatellite markers to develop a conservation genetics programme for the endangered wild apple in Belgium. In total, 76 putative wild apples (originating from Belgium and Germany), six presumed hybrids and 39 cultivars were typed at 12 simple sequence repeats (SSR) and 139 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) loci. Principal co-ordinate analysis and a model-based clustering method classified the apples into three major gene pools: wild Malus sylvestris genotypes, edible cultivars and ornamental cultivars. All presumed hybrids and two individuals (one Belgian, one German) sampled as M. sylvestris were assigned completely to the edible cultivar gene pool, revealing that cultivated genotypes are present in the wild. However, gene flow between wild and cultivated gene pools is shown to be almost absent, with only three genotypes that showed evidence of admixture between the wild and edible cultivar gene pools. Wild apples sampled in Belgium and Germany constitute gene pools that are clearly differentiated from cultivars and although some geographical pattern of genetic differentiation among wild apple populations exists, most variation is concentrated within samples. Concordant conclusions were obtained from AFLP and SSR markers, which showed highly significant correlations in both among-genotypes and among-samples genetic distances.