The ups and downs of insecticide resistance in peach-potato aphids (Myzus persicae) in the UK
The ups and downs of insecticide resistance in peach-potato aphids (Myzus persicae) in the UK
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DOI：
10.1016/s0261-2194(00)00115-0
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发表时间：
2000-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Devonshire, AL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foster, SP;Denholm, I;Devonshire, AL
桃蚜是一个很好的例子，说明了遗传和生态因素如何相互作用来决定抗性的动态，并影响抗性管理的成功。该物种表现出的抗性机制的多样性，既基于杀虫剂的增强解毒作用，也基于对其目标部位的修饰，目前已在基因、生化和分子水平上得到了很好的理解。这些发展已经产生了快速和准确的方法来检测单个机制，并监测有无杀虫剂选择的频率变化。影响英国这些变化预测的一个因素是烟粉虱孤雌生殖周期延长，这导致特定抗性基因之间通过缺乏遗传重组而非随机关联。这对抗药性基因在被杀虫剂选择的种群中积累的速度以及当选择放松时它们下降的速度具有重要意义。虽然越来越明显的是，抗性可以与各种适应成本相关，但个体抗性基因对这些影响的相对贡献仍在调查中。然而，至少在英国，烟粉虱抗性起伏的总体影响是帮助在大多数季节将抗性表型保持在可管理的水平。不幸的是，该物种日益增加的抗药性遗传多样性正在逐步侵蚀有效杀虫剂的供应。这反过来又突显了确保足够的化学多样性以打击现有的抗药性机制和限制使用新型杀虫剂以维持其有效性的重要性。(C)2000爱思唯尔科学有限公司。保留所有权利。
The peach-potato aphid, Myzus persicae, provides an excellent demonstration of how genetic and ecological factors can interact to determine the dynamics of resistance and influence success of resistance management. The diversity of resistance mechanisms, based on both enhanced detoxification of insecticides and modifications to their target sites, that this species shows is now well understood at the genotypic, biochemical and molecular levels. These developments have yielded rapid and precise methods for detecting individual mechanisms, and for monitoring frequency changes in the presence and absence of insecticide selection. One factor influencing the prediction of these changes in the UK is the occurrence of prolonged periods of parthenogenesis in M. persicae, which results in non-random associations between particular resistance genes through the absence of genetic recombination. This has important implications for the rate at which resistance genes can accumulate in populations under selection by insecticides, and also for the speed at which they will decline when selection is relaxed. Although it is becoming apparent that resistance can be associated with various fitness costs, the relative contribution of individual resistance genes to these effects is still under investigation. However, the overall effect of the 'ups' and 'downs' of resistance in M, persicae, in the UK at least, has been to help maintain resistance phenotypes at manageable levels in most seasons. Unfortunately, the increasing genetic diversity of resistance in this species is progressively eroding the supply of effective insecticides. This in turn highlights the importance of ensuring sufficient chemical diversity to combat existing resistance mechanisms and to restrict the use of novel insecticides in order to sustain their effectiveness. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.