Rumination prospectively predicts executive functioning impairments in adolescents
Rumination prospectively predicts executive functioning impairments in adolescents
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jbtep.2013.07.009
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发表时间：
2014-03-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Alloy, Lauren B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Connolly, Samantha L.;Wagner, Clara A.;Alloy, Lauren B.
背景和目的：目前的研究测试了资源分配假说，检验了基线沉思或抑郁症状水平是否在青少年样本中预测执行功能缺陷。对这一假说的替代方案也进行了评估，检验较低的执行功能水平是否预示着在随访时沉思或抑郁症状的增加。方法：社区样本200名青少年(年龄12-13岁)在基线和大约15个月后的跟踪会议上完成了抑郁症状、沉思和执行功能的测量。结果：基线反省水平较高的青少年在随访时显示出选择性注意和注意转换的减少。沉思并不能预测工作记忆的变化，也不能预测注意力的持续和分散。没有发现抑郁症状可以预测随访时执行功能评分的显著变化。结论：研究结果部分支持了资源分配假说，即从事反思性思考会消耗认知资源，而这些认知资源原本会被分配用于困难的执行功能测试。没有发现支持另一种假设，即较低的初始执行功能水平将预测后续更多的沉思或抑郁症状。我们的研究首次使用纵向设计和青少年样本为资源分配假说找到了支持。研究结果突显了深思熟虑对青春期早期执行功能的潜在有害影响。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Background and objectives: The current study tested the resource allocation hypothesis, examining whether baseline rumination or depressive symptom levels prospectively predicted deficits in executive functioning in an adolescent sample. The alternative to this hypothesis was also evaluated by testing whether lower initial levels of executive functioning predicted increases in rumination or depressive symptoms at follow-up.Methods: A community sample of 200 adolescents (ages 12-13) completed measures of depressive symptoms, rumination, and executive functioning at baseline and at a follow-up session approximately 15 months later.Results: Adolescents with higher levels of baseline rumination displayed decreases in selective attention and attentional switching at follow-up. Rumination did not predict changes in working memory or sustained and divided attention. Depressive symptoms were not found to predict significant changes in executive functioning scores at follow-up. Baseline executive functioning was not associated with change in rumination or depression over time.Conclusions: Findings partially support the resource allocation hypothesis that engaging in ruminative thoughts consumes cognitive resources that would otherwise be allocated towards difficult tests of executive functioning. Support was not found for the alternative hypothesis that lower levels of initial executive functioning would predict increased rumination or depressive symptoms at follow-up. Our study is the first to find support for the resource allocation hypothesis using a longitudinal design and an adolescent sample. Findings highlight the potentially detrimental effects of rumination on executive functioning during early adolescence. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.