Colour, class and identity on the eve of the Haitian revolution: Saint‐Domingue's free coloured elite as colons américains
Colour, class and identity on the eve of the Haitian revolution: Saint‐Domingue's free coloured elite as colons américains
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海地革命前夕的肤色、阶级和身份：圣多明各作为美洲殖民地的自由有色精英
DOI：
10.1080/01440399608575174
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发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
John Garrigus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
John Garrigus
尽管富有的自由有色种植园主在法国大革命转变为海地革命的过程中发挥了核心作用，但这个阶级的起源仍然知之甚少。 1 迄今为止，仅对殖民地最引人注目的革命前自由有色人种精英进行了详细研究。这个群体是阿奎教区的靛蓝种植园主，是早期法国定居者和非洲奴隶的后裔，他们的繁荣依靠家庭关系和走私。这些家族有充分的理由将自己视为出生于岛上的法国种植园主、美洲殖民者，而不是色彩族。 2这种克里奥尔人和法国人的自我认同是圣多明各自由有色人种在法国大革命中采取的政治立场的基础。从 1789 年起，他们的领导人就主张他们应该参与法兰西民族的“复兴”。在各个殖民地教区，自由的有色人种起草了改革请愿书，组建了国民警卫队，并试图参加殖民地选举。在巴黎，来自阿奎因教区的一位富有的有色人种朱利安·雷蒙德（Julien Raimond）将自由的有色人种公民权利作为革命国民议会面临的核心殖民问题。
Although wealthy free coloured planters played a central role in transforming the French Revolution into the Haitian Revolution, the origins of this class are still poorly understood. 1 To date only the colony's most conspicuous pre-revolutionary free coloured elite has been studied in any detail. That group, the indigo planters of Aquin parish, was descended from early French settlers and African slaves and built its prosperity on family connections and smuggling. These families saw themselves, with good reason, as island-born French planters, colons américains, not gens de couleur. 2This self-identification as both créole and French was the basis of the political stance Saint-Domingue's free people of colour adopted in the French Revolution. From 1789 their leaders argued that they should participate in the'regeneration'of the French nation. In various colonial parishes free people of colour drafted petitions for reform, formed National Guard units and tried to participate in colonial elections. In Paris Julien Raimond, a wealthy man of colour from Aquin parish, made free coloured civil rights the central colonial issue facing the Revolutionary National Assembly.'