Liver transplantation for primary biliary cirrhosis.
Liver transplantation for primary biliary cirrhosis.
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肝移植治疗原发性胆汁性肝硬化。
DOI：
10.1055/s-2008-1040506
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发表时间：
1989
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Starzl,TE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tzakis,AG;Carcassonne,C;Todo,S;Makowka,L;Starzl,TE
人类首次肝移植手术在美国进行26年后，该手术已发展成为各种病因的终末期肝病的首选治疗方法。一系列重大事件使这一实验性程序转变为服务程序。这包括以下四个关键步骤：1。1979年首次在临床试验中使用环孢菌素，并将其与类固醇全身联合使用是必不可少的。环孢素与其他免疫抑制剂，如强的松、硫唑嘌呤和抗淋巴细胞球蛋白联合应用，可明显改善尸体肾和肾外器官移植的效果。2.静脉-静脉转流术的引入和常规使用使手术对患者更安全，对外科医生来说在技术上更容易。它允许培训新一代的肝移植外科医生。
Twenty-six years after the first human liver transplantation was performed in~ enver,'the procedure has evolved into the preferred therapy for end-stage liver disease of various etiologies. A number of significant events have enabled this transformation of an experimental to a service procedure. These include the following four critical steps:1. The first use of cyclosporine in clinical trials in 1979'and its systemic combination with steroid^^'^ were essential. The use of cyclosporine in combination with other immunosuppressive agents, that is, prednisone, azathioprine, and antilymphocyte globulin, resulted in markedly improved results in cadaveric renal and extrarenal organ transp~ antation.~-~ 2. The introduction and routine use of the venovenous bypass in made the procedure safer for the patient and technically easier for the surgeon. It has allowed for the training of a new generation of liver transplant surgeons.