Paleohydrology of Lake Victoria, East Africa, inferred from 18O/16O ratios in sediment cellulose

Paleohydrology of Lake Victoria, East Africa, inferred from 18O/16O ratios in sediment cellulose
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根据沉积物纤维素中的 18O/16O 比率推断东非维多利亚湖的古水文学

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发表时间:
1997
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通讯作者:
T. Johnson
T. Johnson
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
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作者:
Kristina R. M. Beuning;K. Kelts;E. Ito;T. Johnson

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在东非维多利亚湖中心附近的7.6 m沉积物岩心中保存的水生纤维素的δ 18o值记录了该盆地13000年的水文历史。相对于当前值(+3.4‰),13200 ~ 725014c yr B.P.期间湖水δ 18o值的高升高值为+8‰±2‰,表明盆地处于封闭状态,降水蒸发比远小于现在。湖水δ 18o值骤降至0‰±1‰,标志着该盆地在7250 ~ 7150 ~ 5400 ~ 5400年之间迅速向开阔盆地过渡。从7140 ~ 5400 ~ 5400年之间,湖水δ 18o值从0‰±1‰上升至+5‰±1.5‰,反映了出水口的下降和相对湿度的可能下降。这些数据出乎意料地改变了我们对维多利亚湖水量平衡变化时间的看法,并暗示至少有1万年(公元前17000年至公元前7000年)的时间里,维多利亚湖盆地没有向尼罗河主要河流提供水。
Delta 18 O values of aquatic cellulose preserved in a 7.6 m sediment core from near the center of Lake Victoria, East Africa, record a 13 000 yr hydrological history of the basin. Relative to the present value (+3.4‰), highly elevated lake-water δ 18 O values of +8‰ ± 2‰ from 13 200 to 7250 14 C yr B.P. indicate closed-basin conditions and precipitation:evaporation ratios much smaller than at present. An abrupt drop in the lake-water δ 18 O to 0‰ ± 1‰ marks the rapid transition to an open basin between 7250 and 7150 14 C yr B.P. From 7140 to 5400 14 C yr B.P. increasing lake-water δ 18 O values from 0‰ ± 1‰ to +5‰ ± 1.5‰ are proposed to reflect outlet downcutting and a likely decrease in relative humidity. These data have unexpectedly shifted our view of the timing of changes in the Lake Victoria water balance and imply a period of at least 10 000 years (17 000 to 7000 14 C yr B.P.) when the Lake Victoria basin did not contribute waters to the main Nile River.