Propagation of wind-power-induced fluctuations in power grids
Propagation of wind-power-induced fluctuations in power grids
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DOI：
10.1103/physreve.99.050301
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发表时间：
2019-05-20
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Kettemann, Stefan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haehne, Hauke;Schmietendorf, Katrin;Kettemann, Stefan
可再生能源发电机组对电网的扰动具有严重的非高斯波动和时间相关波动。虽然发电功率在分钟和小时的时间尺度上的变化由频率控制措施补偿，但我们报告了亚秒配电网频率测量的局部非高斯波动，这取决于电网中风力发电的大小。基于这些实验结果，我们通过扰动电网来模拟亚秒电网频率动态，该电网由相位耦合非线性振荡器网络建模，并使用合成的风力发电馈入时间序列。我们推导了线性响应理论，并得到了频率增量分布方差的解析结果。我们发现，在惯性较大的情况下，短期波动的方差随着与馈入节点的距离呈指数衰减，这与线性节点链和德国输电网拓扑的数值结果一致。与之形成鲜明对比的是，在数值上发现，在这两个系统中，频率增量的峰度衰减得很慢，而不是呈指数衰减，这表明频率波动的非高斯形状在很长的范围内持续存在。
Renewable generators perturb the electric power grid with heavily non-Gaussian and time correlated fluctuations. While changes in generated power on timescales of minutes and hours are compensated by frequency control measures, we report subsecond distribution grid frequency measurements with local non-Gaussian fluctuations which depend on the magnitude of wind power generation in the grid. Motivated by such experimental findings, we simulate the subsecond grid frequency dynamics by perturbing the power grid, as modeled by a network of phase coupled nonlinear oscillators, with synthetically generated wind power feed-in time series. We derive a linear response theory and obtain analytical results for the variance of frequency increment distributions. We find that the variance of short-term fluctuations decays, for large inertia, exponentially with distance to the feed-in node, in agreement with numerical results both for a linear chain of nodes and the German transmission grid topology. In sharp contrast, the kurtosis of frequency increments is numerically found to decay only slowly, not exponentially, in both systems, indicating that the non-Gaussian shape of frequency fluctuations persists over long ranges.