Exoplanet atmosphere retrievals in 3D using phase curve data with ARCiS: Application to WASP-43b
Exoplanet atmosphere retrievals in 3D using phase curve data with ARCiS: Application to WASP-43b
复制标题
使用 ARCiS 相位曲线数据进行 3D 系外行星大气反演：在 WASP-43b 中的应用
DOI：
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Min
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Chubb;M. Min
目标。建立一个包含系外行星大气3D性质的检索框架，并将其应用于热木星系外行星WASP-43 b观测到的发射相位曲线和透射光谱。方法.我们介绍了我们的3D框架，它可以作为GitHub的独立模块免费提供。我们使用大气建模和贝叶斯反演包ARCiS（巧妙的建模代码为系外行星科学）进行8个三维反演的同时传输（HST/WFC 3）和相位相关的发射（HST/WFC 3，斯皮策/IRAC）观测的WASP-43 b作为案例研究。我们评估输入假设如何影响我们的检索结果。特别是，我们看看约束平衡化学与自由分子检索，没有云与参数化云的情况下，并使用斯皮策相位数据，已减少从两个不同的文献来源。对于自由化学检索，我们检索丰富的H2O，CH 4，CO，CO2，AlO，和NH3作为相位的函数，与更多的物种被认为是平衡化学检索。结果我们发现一致的超太阳C/O（0.6-0.9）和超太阳金属丰度（1.7-2.9 dex）的所有检索设置，假设平衡化学。大气热量分布，热点移动（15.6对4.5不同的斯皮策数据集），和温度结构的斯皮策发射相位数据的影响。与其他研究的WASP-43 b，包括可用的GCM模拟进行比较。结论.我们开发的参数化3D设置提供了一个有价值的工具来分析广泛的观测数据集，如光谱相位曲线。不久的将来，詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜（JWST）和Ariel等任务的观测将大大提高我们对WASP-43 b等系外行星大气层的理解。
Aims. To create a retrieval framework which encapsulates the 3D nature of exoplanet atmospheres, and to apply it to observed emission phase curve and transmission spectra of hot Jupiter exoplanet WASP-43b. Methods. We present our 3D framework, which is freely available as a stand-alone module from GitHub. We use the atmospheric modelling and Bayesian retrieval package ARCiS (ARtful modelling Code for exoplanet Science) to perform 8 3D retrievals on simultaneous transmission (HST/WFC3) and phase-dependent emission (HST/WFC3, Spitzer/IRAC) observations of WASP-43b as a case study. We assess how input assumptions affect our retrieval outcomes. In particular we look at constraining equilibrium chemistry vs a free molecular retrieval, the case of no clouds vs parametrised clouds, and using Spitzer phase data that have been reduced from two different literature sources. For the free chemistry retrievals, we retrieve abundances of H2O, CH4, CO, CO2, AlO, and NH3 as a function of phase, with many more species considered for the equilibrium chemistry retrievals. Results. We find consistent super-solar C/O (0.6-0.9) and super-solar metallicities (1.7-2.9 dex) for all retrieval setups that assume equilibrium chemistry. Atmospheric heat distribution, hotspot shift (15.6 vs 4.5 for different Spitzer datasets), and temperature structure are influenced by the Spitzer emission phase data. Comparisons are made with other studies of WASP-43b, including available GCM simulations. Conclusions. The parametrised 3D setup we have developed provides a valuable tool to analyse extensive observational datasets such as spectroscopic phase curves. Near-future observations with missions such as the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and Ariel will greatly improve our understanding of the atmospheres of exoplanets such as WASP-43b.