Negative affect and sensitization to pain
Negative affect and sensitization to pain
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DOI：
10.1111/1467-9450.00278
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发表时间：
2002-04-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Janssen, SA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Janssen, SA
疼痛通常具有强烈的负面情感成分，据信它可以调节疼痛感知。在回顾了负面情绪与疼痛之间联系的理论后，讨论了负面情绪可能增加或抑制疼痛的机制。可能的疼痛抑制机制是内源性阿片类药物释放、血压反应性和注意力分散；可能的疼痛增加机制包括自主神经和肌肉反应、觉醒的错误归因、对疼痛的过度警惕、担忧和回避行为。需要强调的是，这些机制中的每一种都可以非常适应急性疼痛情况，以防止受伤并促进康复。然而，在慢性疼痛中，持续的生理唤醒和对疼痛的过度警觉，由负面情绪诱发或放大，可能会导致对疼痛的敏感。此外，担心疼痛和避免引起疼痛的活动可能会增加负面情绪、过度警觉和功能障碍。有人认为，从长远来看，与疼痛相关的负面情绪具有致敏和失能的作用。
Pain usually has a strong negative affective component, which is believed to modulate pain perception. After reviewing theories on the link between negative affect and pain, mechanisms are discussed by which negative affect may either increase or inhibit pain. Possible pain-inhibiting mechanisms are endogenous opioid release, blood pressure reactivity, and distraction of attention; possible pain-increasing mechanisms are autonomic and muscular reactivity, misattribution of arousal, hypervigilance to pain, worrying, and avoidance behavior. It is emphasized that each of these mechanisms can be very adaptive in acute pain situations to prevent injury and promote recovery. In chronic pain, however, ongoing physiological arousal and hypervigilance to pain, induced or magnified by negative affect, may cause sensitization to pain, Furthermore, worrying about pain and avoidance of pain-inducing activities may increase negative affect, hypervigilance, and functional disability. It is argued that, in the long run, pain-related negative affect has sensitizing and disabling effects.