Policy abstraction as a predictor of cognitive effort avoidance.
Policy abstraction as a predictor of cognitive effort avoidance.
复制标题
策略抽象作为认知努力回避的预测因子。
DOI：
10.1037/xge0001449
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Badre,David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sayalı,Ceyda;Rubin-McGregor,Jordan;Badre,David
一致的证据表明，人们避免认知努力的任务。然而，使一项任务认知努力的特征仍然没有得到很好的理解。关于哪些任务需求是认知努力成本的基础，已经提出了多种假设，如任务时间、错误可能性和认知控制的一般参与。在这项研究中，我们测试了新的假设，任务需要的行为，根据更高程度的政策抽象的经验，更努力。相应地，策略抽象，可操作的任务规则所需的上下文应急的水平，驱动任务回避超过任务性能的影响，如时间的任务或错误的可能性。为了验证这一假设，我们结合了两个先前建立的认知控制任务，参数化地操纵政策抽象与需求选择任务程序。这些任务的设计使我们能够测试人们是否避免了具有高阶策略抽象的任务，同时控制了诸如任务时间和预期错误率（ER）等因素的贡献。与我们的假设一致，我们观察到，政策抽象是认知努力选择的最强预测因子，其次是ER。这在两项研究和受试者内交叉研究分析中都很明显。这些结果建立了至少一个独立的性能，这是预测任务回避行为的任务功能。我们解释这些结果的机会成本框架内理解厌恶的认知努力，而执行任务的经验。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2023阿帕，保留所有权利）
Consistent evidence has established that people avoid cognitively effortful tasks. However, the features that make a task cognitively effortful are still not well understood. Multiple hypotheses have been proposed regarding which task demands underlie cognitive effort costs, such as time-on-task, error likelihood, and the general engagement of cognitive control. In this study, we test the novel hypothesis that tasks requiring behavior according to higher degrees of policy abstraction are experienced as more effortful. Accordingly, policy abstraction, operationalized as the levels of contextual contingency required by task rules, drives task avoidance over and above the effects of task performance, such as time-on-task or error likelihood. To test this hypothesis, we combined two previously established cognitive control tasks that parametrically manipulated policy abstraction with the demand selection task procedure. The design of these tasks allowed us to test whether people avoided tasks with higher order policy abstraction while controlling for the contribution of factors such as time-on-task and expected error rate (ER). Consistent with our hypothesis, we observed that policy abstraction was the strongest predictor of cognitive effort choices, followed by ER. This was evident across both studies and in a within-subject cross-study analysis. These results establish at least one task feature independent of performance, which is predictive of task avoidance behavior. We interpret these results within an opportunity cost framework for understanding aversive experiences of cognitive effort while performing a task.(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)