Dendrite-Free Lithium Deposition via Self-Healing Electrostatic Shield Mechanism
Dendrite-Free Lithium Deposition via Self-Healing Electrostatic Shield Mechanism
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DOI：
10.1021/ja312241y
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发表时间：
2013-03-20
影响因子：
15
通讯作者：
Zhang, Ji-Guang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ding, Fei;Xu, Wu;Zhang, Ji-Guang
可充电锂金属电池被认为是储能系统的“圣杯”。不幸的是，这些电池中固有的不可控制的树枝状锂生长（在重复充电/放电循环时）在过去40年中阻碍了它们的实际应用。我们展示了一种新的机制，可以从根本上改变枝晶的形成。在低浓度下，选定的阳离子（例如铯或铷离子）表现出低于锂离子的标准还原电位的有效还原电位。在锂沉积期间，这些添加剂阳离子在突起的初始生长尖端周围形成带正电的静电屏蔽，而没有添加剂的还原和沉积。这迫使锂进一步沉积到阳极的相邻区域，并消除锂金属电池中的枝晶形成。这种策略还可以防止锂离子电池以及其他金属电池中的枝晶生长，并改变在许多一般电沉积工艺中沉积的涂层的表面均匀性。
Rechargeable lithium metal batteries are considered the "Holy Grail" of energy storage systems. Unfortunately, uncontrollable dendritic lithium growth inherent in these batteries (upon repeated charge/discharge cycling) has prevented their practical application over the past 40 years. We show a novel mechanism that can fundamentally alter dendrite formation. At low concentrations, selected cations (such as cesium or rubidium ions) exhibit an effective reduction potential below the standard reduction potential of lithium ions. During lithium deposition, these additive cations form a positively charged electrostatic shield around the initial growth tip of the protuberances without reduction and deposition of the additives. This forces further deposition of lithium to adjacent regions of the anode and eliminates dendrite formation in lithium metal batteries. This strategy may also prevent dendrite growth in lithium-ion batteries as well as other metal batteries and transform the surface uniformity of coatings deposited in many general electrodeposition processes.