Conservation of arthropod midline netrin accumulation revealed with a cross-reactive antibody provides evidence for midline cell homology.
Conservation of arthropod midline netrin accumulation revealed with a cross-reactive antibody provides evidence for midline cell homology.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1525-142x.2009.00328.x
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发表时间：
2009-05
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Duman-Scheel M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Simanton W;Clark S;Clemons A;Jacowski C;Farrell-VanZomeren A;Beach P;Browne WE;Duman-Scheel M
虽然节肢动物中枢神经系统的发展存在许多相似之处，轴突发生和中线细胞的形成，调节轴突生长的差异，已被观察到。例如，卤虫腹神经索的轴突生长模式与果蝇不同。尽管存在这些差异，但几种节肢动物中线的保守分子标记表达表明，中线细胞在远亲节肢动物中可能是同源的。然而，需要更多物种的数据来验证这一假设。在这项调查中，神经索的形成和中线细胞的假定同源性进行了检查，在远亲节肢动物，包括：长和短胚芽昆虫（D。melanogaster、埃及伊蚊和赤拟谷盗（Tribolium castaneum））、鳃足类甲壳动物（A. franciscana和Triops longiculus）和软甲介纲甲壳动物（Porcellio laevis和Parhyale hawaiensis）。这些比较分析得到了针对Netrin（Net）蛋白产生的交叉反应性抗体的帮助，Netrin（Net）蛋白是一种中线细胞标记物和轴突发生的调节剂。在卤虫中观察到的神经索形成机制在另一种鳃足类动物Triops中发现，但在其他研究的节肢动物中没有发现。尽管中线细胞形成和神经索发育的机制不同，但在鳃足类甲壳动物、软甲介类甲壳动物和昆虫的中线细胞的一个保守亚群中检测到净积累。值得注意的是，净积累模式也是保守的，在中线的片足类夏威夷原住民，经历分裂胚带的发展。保守的净积累模式表明，节肢动物中线细胞是同源的，和网的功能，以调节连合的形成过程中的CNS发育Tetraconata。
Although many similarities in arthropod CNS development exist, differences in axonogenesis and the formation of midline cells, which regulate axon growth, have been observed. For example, axon growth patterns in the ventral nerve cord of Artemia franciscana differ from that of Drosophila melanogaster. Despite such differences, conserved molecular marker expression at the midline of several arthropod species indicates that midline cells may be homologous in distantly related arthropods. However, data from additional species are needed to test this hypothesis. In this investigation, nerve cord formation and the putative homology of midline cells were examined in distantly related arthropods, including: long- and short-germ insects (D. melanogaster, Aedes aeygypti, and Tribolium castaneum), branchiopod crustaceans (A. franciscana and Triops longicauditus), and malacostracan crustaceans (Porcellio laevis and Parhyale hawaiensis). These comparative analyses were aided by a cross-reactive antibody generated against the Netrin (Net) protein, a midline cell marker and regulator of axonogenesis. The mechanism of nerve cord formation observed in Artemia is found in Triops, another branchiopod, but is not found in the other arthropods examined. Despite divergent mechanisms of midline cell formation and nerve cord development, Net accumulation is detected in a well-conserved subset of midline cells in branchiopod crustaceans, malacostracan crustaceans, and insects. Notably, the Net accumulation pattern is also conserved at the midline of the amphipod P. hawaiensis, which undergoes split germ-band development. Conserved Net accumulation patterns indicate that arthropod midline cells are homologous, and that Nets function to regulate commissure formation during CNS development of Tetraconata.