Motion-generated optical information allows event perception despite blurry vision in AMD and amblyopic patients.
Motion-generated optical information allows event perception despite blurry vision in AMD and amblyopic patients.
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DOI：
10.1167/17.12.13
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发表时间：
2017-10
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
J. Pan;Jing-rong Li;Zidong Chen;Emily A. Mangiaracina;C. S. Connell;Hongyuan Wu;X. Wang;G. Bingham;Shirin E. Hassan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Pan;Jing-rong Li;Zidong Chen;Emily A. Mangiaracina;C. S. Connell;Hongyuan Wu;X. Wang;G. Bingham;Shirin E. Hassan
事件由运动中的物体组成。当物体运动时，它们不透明的表面反射光并产生静态图像结构和动态光流。静态和动态光学信息共同指定事件。患有年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）和弱视的患者由于图像结构减弱而不能识别静态物体。然而，尽管视觉模糊，但光流是可检测的，因为视觉运动测量使用低空间频率。当运动停止时，图像结构仍然存在，并且可能保留由光流指定的属性。我们测试了光流和图像结构是否相互作用，以允许静态视力差的事件感知。AMD（实验1），弱视（实验2和3），和正常视力的观察员确定共同的事件，无论是模糊的（实验1和2）或清晰的图像（实验3），无论是单一的图像帧，一个序列的帧提出了运动掩模，或一个序列的帧提出了可检测的运动。结果表明，与静态图像，但没有运动，事件没有感知良好的参与者比控制实验3。然而，随着可检测的运动，事件被感知。紧接着，五天后，参与者能够从原始静态图像中识别事件。因此，当图像结构信息较弱时，光流补偿它并使事件感知成为可能。此外，减弱的静态图像结构信息仍然保留了曾经在光流中可用的信息。这种组合是强大的，允许事件被准确和稳定地感知，尽管视力模糊。
Events consist of objects in motion. When objects move, their opaque surfaces reflect light and produce both static image structure and dynamic optic flow. The static and dynamic optical information co-specify events. Patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and amblyopia cannot identify static objects because of weakened image structure. However, optic flow is detectable despite blurry vision because visual motion measurement uses low spatial frequencies. When motion ceases, image structure persists and might preserve properties specified by optic flow. We tested whether optic flow and image structure interact to allow event perception with poor static vision. AMD (Experiment 1), amblyopic (Experiments 2 and 3), and normally sighted observers identified common events from either blurry (Experiments 1 and 2) or clear images (Experiment 3), when either single image frames were presented, a sequence of frames was presented with motion masks, or a sequence of frames was presented with detectable motion. Results showed that with static images, but no motion, events were not perceived well by participants other than controls in Experiment 3. However, with detectable motion, events were perceived. Immediately following this and again after five days, participants were able to identify events from the original static images. So, when image structure information is weak, optic flow compensates for it and enables event perception. Furthermore, weakened static image structure information nevertheless preserves information that was once available in optic flow. The combination is powerful and allows events to be perceived accurately and stably despite blurry vision.