Brominated flame retardants in the atmosphere of E-waste and rural sites in southern China: seasonal variation, temperature dependence, and gas-particle partitioning.
Brominated flame retardants in the atmosphere of E-waste and rural sites in southern China: seasonal variation, temperature dependence, and gas-particle partitioning.
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DOI：
10.1021/es202284p
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发表时间：
2011-09
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Mi Tian;Shen-Jun Chen;Jing Wang;Xiaobo Zheng;Xiaojun Luo;B. Mai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mi Tian;Shen-Jun Chen;Jing Wang;Xiaobo Zheng;Xiaojun Luo;B. Mai
作为溴化阻燃剂（BFRs）的重要来源，发展中国家的电气和电子废物（电子废物）的回收引起了广泛关注。2007-2008年，在中国南方的电子垃圾和农村地区测量了大气中的气态和颗粒结合的BFRs。多溴联苯醚的年平均浓度分别为3260±3370和219±192 pg/m³，非多溴联苯醚的年平均浓度分别为546±547和165±144 pg/m³。多溴二苯醚在电子垃圾现场的二溴和三溴同系物的相对浓度异常高。clusius - clapeyron （CC）图显示，除冬季外，低溴化BFRs（二至六溴化BFRs）的气体浓度受污染表面（如电子垃圾、土壤和回收电子垃圾残留物）的温度驱动蒸发的强烈控制。然而，农村站点的弱温度依赖性表明，区域或远程大气输送是空气浓度的主要原因。在大多数采样事件中，多溴二苯醚的气-颗粒分配（KP）与过冷液体蒸汽压（PL(o)）具有良好的相关性。对数KP与对数PL(o)曲线的斜率变化（-0.59 ~ -1.29）表明，环境温度和大气颗粒性质对BFRs的分配行为有影响。农村地区的平坦坡度（-0.23 ~ -0.80）暗示了以吸收为主的分区。本文认为，亚洲低纬度地区的电子垃圾回收是低溴化bfr的重要来源，并对其从温暖气候到寒冷气候的全球运输具有重要意义
The recycling of electrical and electronic waste(e-waste) in developing countries has attracted much attention as a significant source of brominated flame retardants (BFRs).Gaseous and particle-bound BFRs were measured in the atmosphere at e-waste and rural sites in southern China during 2007-2008. The annual average concentrations in the air were 3260 ± 3370 and 219 ± 192 pg/m³ for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and were 546 ± 547 and 165 ± 144 pg/m³ for non-PBDE BFRs at the e-waste and rural sites,respectively. PBDEs had unusually high relative concentrations of di- and tribrominated congeners at the e-waste site. The Clausius-Clapeyron (CC) plots showed that the gaseous concentrations of less brominated BFRs (di- through hexa-BFRs) were strongly controlled by temperature-driven evaporation from contaminated surfaces (e.g., e-waste, soils, and recycled e-waste remains) except for winter. However, weak temperature dependence at the rural site suggests that regional or long-range atmospheric transport was largely responsible for the air concentrations. Gas-particle partitioning (KP) of PBDEs correlated well with the subcooled liquid vapor pressure (PL(o)) for most sampling events. The varied slopes of log KP versus log PL(o) plots for the e-waste site (-0.59 to -1.29) indicated an influence of ambient temperature and atmospheric particle properties on the partitioning behavior of BFRs. The flat slopes (-0.23 to -0.80) for the rural site implied an absorption-dominant partitioning. This paper suggests that e-waste recycling in Asian low-latitude regions is a significant source of less brominated BFRs and has important implications for their global transport from warm to colder climate