Analysis of Best Management Practices Implementation on Water Quality Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool
Analysis of Best Management Practices Implementation on Water Quality Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool
复制标题
使用土壤和水评估工具分析水质最佳管理实践实施情况
DOI：
10.3390/w8040145
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Rabin Bhattarai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jason Motsinger;P. Kalita;Rabin Bhattarai
墨西哥湾缺氧带的形成可以追溯到美国中西部的农业流域，为了使土地适合农业，这些流域被人工排干。为了改善该地区的水质，已经引入了一些最佳管理措施，但这些最佳管理措施在减少养分负荷方面的相对有效性尚未得到适当的量化。为了确定bmp对减少瓦排流域养分排放的作用，利用伊利诺斯州中东部的小弗米尔河（LVR）流域的实验数据，对土壤和水评估工具（SWAT）模型进行了水流量和硝酸盐负荷的校准和验证。在此基础上，对四种常见的bmp（减少耕作、覆盖作物、过滤带和湿地）的性能进行了评价。对于BMP，黑麦作为覆盖作物作为单一BMP减少流域硝酸盐排放量的效果最好，年平均硝酸盐负荷减少54.5%。免耕与黑麦复盖在模拟期间的效果各不相同，但硝态氮的平均减少量优于常规耕作的黑麦复盖，年均硝态氮排放量减少60.5%（比仅黑麦提高13%）。
The formation of hypoxic zone in the Gulf of Mexico can be traced to agricultural watersheds in the Midwestern United States that are artificially drained in order to make the land suitable for agriculture. A number of best management practices (BMPs) have been introduced to improve the water quality in the region but their relative effectivenss of these BMPs in reducing nutrient load has not been properly quantified. In order to determine the BMPs useful for reducing nutrient discharge from a tile drained watershed, a Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was calibrated and validated for water flow and nitrate load using experimental data from the Little Vermillion River (LVR) watershed in east-central Illinois. Then, the performance of four common BMPs (reduced tillage, cover crop, filter strip and wetlands) were evaluated. For BMPs, the usage of rye as cover crop performed the best in reducing nitrate discharge from the watershed as a single BMP, with an average annual nitrate load reduction of 54.5%. Combining no tillage and rye cover crops had varying results over the period simulated, but the average nitrate reduction was better than using rye cover crops with conventional tillage, with the average annual nitrate discharge decreased by 60.5% (an improvement of 13% over rye only).