Similarities and differences in heat treatment simulation of aluminium alloys and steels
Similarities and differences in heat treatment simulation of aluminium alloys and steels
复制标题
铝合金与钢热处理模拟的异同
DOI：
10.1002/mawe.200900479
复制
发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Reich M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kessler;Reich M.
铝合金目前应用于许多领域的轻质结构，例如交通运输。几种制造技术用于铝部件的生产链。为了提高强度，对铝合金（沉淀硬化）和钢（马氏体硬化）进行热处理。除了预期的微观结构和性能外，部件的尺寸和形状变化以及残余应力也是热处理的结果。基于有限元法的模拟工具有助于预测热处理结果，而无需进行大量试验。在其他输入中，一个必要的先决条件是材料的详细数据库。该数据库必须包含基本的材料参数，如导热系数、比热容、密度、热膨胀系数、弹性模量、泊松比和应变硬化，所有这些参数都取决于相和温度。此外，相变和沉淀过程的模型必须实施。对于钢，复杂部件的热处理模拟已经成为可能。钢和铝合金的一些热处理参数和材料参数有很大不同。铝合金通常表现出较低的固溶退火温度、较高的冷却速率、较高的热导率、较高的热膨胀系数、较低的弹性模量和较低的强度。此外，铝合金材料数据库部分缺失，尤其是沉淀模型。将介绍铝合金材料参数的热处理模拟示例，并讨论与钢相比的相似性和差异性。
Aluminium alloys are nowadays applied in light weight constructions of many areas, e.g. transportation. Several manufacturing technologies are used in production chains of aluminium components. For improvements in strength heat treatments are carried out with aluminium alloys (precipitation hardening) as well as with steels (martensitic hardening). Besides the intended microstructures and properties, dimension and shape changes as well as residual stresses of the components are heat treatment results. Simulation tools based on the finite element method help to predict heat treatment results without extensive tests. Among other inputs one necessary pre‐requisite is a detailed database for the material. This database must contain the fundamental material parameters like heat conductivity, specific heat capacity, density, thermal expansion coefficient, modulus of elasticity, Poisson´s ratio and strain hardening, all of them depending on phases and temperature. Further, models for phase transformations and precipitation processes must be implemented. For steels heat treatment simulations of complex components are already possible. Some heat treatment parameters and material parameters of steels and aluminium alloys differ significantly. Aluminium alloys usually exhibit lower solution annealing temperatures, higher cooling rates, higher heat conductivity, higher thermal expansion coefficient, lower modulus of elasticity and lower strength. Further, the material database is partially missing for aluminium alloys, especially precipitation models. Exemplarily heat treatment simulations focused on the material parameters of aluminium alloys will be presented and similarities as well as differences compared to steels will be discussed.