Kinetics factors of the lower limb joints decelerating running velocity in the last phase of 100 m race
Kinetics factors of the lower limb joints decelerating running velocity in the last phase of 100 m race
复制标题
100 m 赛跑最后阶段下肢关节减慢跑步速度的动力学因素
DOI：
10.5432/jjpehss.a5302_477
复制
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Ogata
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Toshinori Endo;K. Miyashita;M. Ogata
本研究的目的是通过比较最大跑速阶段（Max）和减速阶段（Dec）下肢关节的动力学，阐明100 m短跑最后阶段减速的因素。五名男子大学短跑运动员，运行60米和100米，在最大的努力，录像与高速摄像机（250 fps）和地面反作用力（1000赫兹）进行了测量，在50米和85米的点。然后计算下肢关节的运动学和动力学。结果表明：（1）运动员的步频下降是导致跑速减慢的主要原因。2)在12月，制动冲动增加，但推进冲动显着下降。3)踝跖屈肌的关节力矩和负功率显著降低。4)髋关节负功在后期支撑阶段施加的髋关节扭矩趋于减少，并认为这种减少影响了早期恢复阶段髋关节屈曲运动的延迟。这些结果表明，踝关节的功能有一个直接的影响，减速，并建议在支持阶段髋关节扭矩施加的负功可能有助于维持髋关节屈曲运动在早期恢复阶段在100米短跑的最后阶段。
The purpose of the present study was to clarify the factors involved in deceleration in the last phase of a 100 m sprint by comparing the kinetics of the lower limb joints between the maximal running velocity phase (Max) and the deceleration phase (Dec). Five male collegiate sprinters, running 60 m and 100 m at maximal effort, were videotaped with high-speed cameras (250 fps) and the ground reaction force (1000 Hz) was measured at the 50-m and 85-m points. The kinematics and kinetics of the lower limb joints were then calculated. The results were as follows: 1) The deceleration of running velocity was due to a decrease of stride frequency. 2) In the Dec, braking impulse increased, but propulsion impulse decreased significantly. 3) Significant decreases were found in joint torque and negative power exerted by ankle plantar flexors. 4) Hip negative work exerted by hip joint torque in the late support phase tended to decrease, and it is thought that this decrease affected the delay of hip-flex movement during the early recovery phase. These results reveal that the function of the ankle has a direct influence on deceleration, and suggest that the negative work exerted by hip joint torque during the support phase may help to maintain hip-flex movement during the early recovery phase in the final phase of the 100-m sprint.