The Effects of Paired Associative Stimulation with Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation on Corticospinal Excitability in Multiple Lower-limb Muscles
The Effects of Paired Associative Stimulation with Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation on Corticospinal Excitability in Multiple Lower-limb Muscles
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配对联想刺激与经皮脊髓刺激对下肢多块肌肉皮质脊髓兴奋性的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.08.028
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Nakazawa Kimitaka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kaneko Naotsugu;Sasaki Atsushi;Masugi Yohei;Nakazawa Kimitaka
配对联想刺激（PAS）是一种非侵入性的方法来调节初级运动皮层（M1）的兴奋性。PAS涉及外周神经刺激和经颅磁刺激（TMS）在初级运动皮层的组合。然而，对于下肢肌肉，PAS仅应用于少数容易受到刺激的周围神经支配的肌肉。本研究采用经皮脊髓刺激（tSCS）后根，刺激多块下肢肌肉的感觉神经，旨在探讨由tSCS和TMS组成的PAS对皮质脊髓兴奋性的影响。12名非残疾男性在两个不同的日子里接受了120对成对刺激：（1）单独ISI条件，使用单独计算的成对刺激的刺激间间隔（ISI）向M1发送两个信号，并单独调整ISI;（2）恒定ISI条件，使用100 ms的恒定ISI。PAS前后，皮质脊髓兴奋性在下肢肌肉进行了评估。在PAS后30分钟内，仅在个体-ISI条件下观察到小腿和腿筋肌肉皮质脊髓兴奋性的易化（p< 0.05），尽管个体-ISI和恒定-ISI条件下无显著差异。此外，我们的研究结果揭示了PAS诱导的促进下肢肌肉之间的差异，表明PAS诱导的促进皮质脊髓兴奋性的空间梯度，使膝屈肌比膝伸肌有更高的潜力，塑性变化。这些发现将促进更好地理解PAS诱导的神经可塑性的神经机制，从而更好地神经康复和运动学习策略。
Paired associative stimulation (PAS) is a non-invasive method to modulate the excitability of the primary motor cortex (M1). PAS involves the combination of peripheral nerve stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the primary motor cortex. However, for lower-limb muscles, PAS has only been applied to the few muscles innervated by peripheral nerves that can easily be stimulated. This study used transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) to the posterior root, stimulating the sensory nerves of multiple lower-limb muscles, and aimed to investigate the effect of PAS consisting of tSCS and TMS on corticospinal excitability. Twelve non-disabled men received 120 paired stimuli on two separate days in (1) anindividual-ISIcondition, using inter-stimulus intervals (ISIs) of paired stimuli individually calculated to send two signals to M1 with individually-adjusted ISI, and (2) aconstant-ISIcondition, using a constant ISI of 100 ms. Before and after PAS, corticospinal excitability was assessed in the lower-limb muscles. Facilitation of corticospinal excitability in the lower-leg and hamstring muscles was observed up to 30 min after PAS only in theindividual-ISIcondition (p< 0.05), although there was no significant difference between theindividual-ISIandconstant-ISIconditions. Additionally, our results revealed a difference in PAS-induced facilitation among lower-limb muscles, suggesting a spatial gradient of PAS-induced facilitation of corticospinal excitability, such that knee flexor muscles have a higher potential for plastic change than knee extensor muscles. These findings will foster a better understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying PAS-induced neuroplasticity, leading to better neurorehabilitation and motor learning strategies.