Levels of household particulate matter and environmental tobacco smoke exposure in the first year of life for a cohort at risk for asthma in urban Syracuse, NY
Levels of household particulate matter and environmental tobacco smoke exposure in the first year of life for a cohort at risk for asthma in urban Syracuse, NY
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envint.2011.04.013
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Abraham, J. L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hunt, A.;Crawford, J. A.;Abraham, J. L.
纽约州锡拉丘兹的AUDIT(城市住宅室内毒物评估)研究旨在量化母亲患有哮喘的出生队列中市中心家庭中哮喘药物的水平。对103个家庭中的婴儿进行了暴露于颗粒物(PM)、颗粒物数量和烟草烟雾中的风险评估。44%的家庭进行了重复测量。在婴儿出生的第一年，他们还每季度进行一次检查，以监测他们的呼吸健康和尿可替宁水平。在第一次访问时，家庭的PM2.5和PM10的总体几何平均值(GM)分别为21.2微克/立方米(3)和31.8微克/立方米(3)。吸烟家庭的PM2.5和PM10的GM值较高，分别为26.3和37.7微克/立方米(3)，而非吸烟家庭的PM2.5和PM10的GM值分别为12.7和21.2微克/立方米(3)。54%的母亲(55/103)在怀孕的某个时候吸烟(39%的母亲在整个怀孕期间吸烟)。环境烟草烟雾(ETS)暴露在68%的家庭中发生在婴儿的第一年。对这项研究有重要意义的是140次家访中PM的大小和时间分辨监测以及PM计数数据的分类。PM数量从持续较低的水平(很少的室内活动)到持续较高的水平(持续的室内活动)不等，并记录了长时间重复吸烟的明显实例。38%的婴儿(39/103)在出生一年时有喘息的记录。调整后的Logistic回归模型显示，在控制了婴儿性别、母亲的年龄和教育程度、家访季节和铺地毯后，室内PM2.5值升高是婴儿喘息的显著危险因素(OR421；95%CI1.36-13.03；p=0.013)。在调整了婴儿性别、母亲的年龄和教育水平后，婴儿尿中尼古丁代谢物可替宁水平的升高也与婴儿喘息有关(OR5.10；95%CI0.96-27.24；p=0.057)。ETS暴露在审计队列中普遍存在，对城市人口中发育中的婴儿来说是一个风险。(C)2011爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
The Syracuse, NY, AUDIT (Assessment of Urban Dwellings for Indoor Toxics) study was designed to quantify asthma agent levels in the inner-city homes of a birth cohort whose mothers had a diagnosis of asthma. Risk of exposure to particulate matter (PM), particle number and tobacco smoke was assessed in 103 infants' homes. Repeat measurements were made in 44% of the homes. Infants also were examined on a quarterly basis during the first year of life to monitor their respiratory health and urine cotinine levels. Overall geometric mean (GM) values for PM2.5 of 21.2 mu g/m(3) and for PM10 of 31.8 mu g/m(3) were recorded in homes at visit 1. GM values for PM2.5 and PM10 in smoking homes were higher at 26.3 and 37.7 mu g/m(3), while values in non-smoking homes were 12.7 and 21.2 mu g/m(3) respectively. Fifty-four percent of mothers (55/103) smoked at some point in pregnancy (39% smoked throughout pregnancy). Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure occurred in 68% of homes during the infants' first year. Significant to this study was the size- and time-resolved monitoring of PM at 140 home visits and the classification of PM count data. PM number counts ranged from continuously low levels (little indoor activity) to continuously high counts (constant indoor activity), and recorded apparent instances of prolonged repeated cigarette smoking. Wheezing in the first year of life was recorded for 38% of the infants (39/103). Adjusted logistic regression modeling demonstrated that elevated levels of indoor PM2.5 (>= 15 mu g/m(3)) were a significant risk factor for infant wheezing after controlling for infant gender, mothers' age and education level, season of home visit and presence of carpeting (OR 421; 95% CI 1.36-13.03; p = 0.013). An elevated level of the nicotine metabolite cotinine in infant urine also was associated with infant wheezing after adjusting for infant gender, mothers' age and education level (OR 5.10; 95% CI 0.96-27.24; p = 0.057). ETS exposure was pervasive in the AUDIT cohort and a risk for developing infants in this urban population. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.