Skeletal Functions of Voltage Sensitive Calcium Channels.

Skeletal Functions of Voltage Sensitive Calcium Channels.
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DOI:
10.1007/s11914-020-00647-7
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发表时间:
2021-04
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Thompson WR
Thompson WR
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wright CS;Robling AG;Farach-Carson MC;Thompson WR

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电压敏感钙通道(VSCC)是普遍存在的多聚蛋白复合物,是调节许多生理过程所必需的。 VSCC 调节钙流入和各种细胞内过程,包括肌肉收缩、神经传递、激素分泌和基因转录,其功能特异性由通道的亚基和组织位置决定。由于骨骼不被认为是可电兴奋的组织,因此骨骼中 VSCC 的功能经常被忽视。然而,骨骼稳态和适应在很大程度上依赖于 VSCC。抑制或删除 VSCC 会减少成骨作用,损害骨骼结构,并阻碍对机械负荷的合成代谢反应。虽然 VSCC 在破骨细胞中的功能尚不清楚,但 VSCC 在成骨细胞和骨细胞中具有独特但互补的功能。这篇综述详细介绍了 VSCC 的结构、功能和命名,随后全面描述了 VSCC 在骨细胞中的已知功能及其对骨发育、骨形成和力转导的调节。
Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCCs) are ubiquitous multimeric protein complexes that are necessary for the regulation of numerous physiological processes. VSCCs regulate calcium influx and various intracellular processes including muscle contraction, neurotransmission, hormone secretion, and gene transcription, with function specificity defined by the channel‟s subunits and tissue location. The functions of VSCCs in bone are often overlooked since bone is not considered an electrically excitable tissue. However, skeletal homeostasis and adaptation relies heavily on VSCCs. Inhibition or deletion of VSCCs decreases osteogenesis, impairs skeletal structure, and impedes anabolic responses to mechanical loading. While the functions of VSCCs in osteoclasts is less clear, VSCCs have distinct but complementary functions in osteoblasts and osteocytes. This review details the structure, function, and nomenclature of VSCCs, followed by a comprehensive description of the known functions of VSCCs in bone cells and their regulation of bone development, bone formation, and mechanotransduction.
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