Cannabis, Cannabinoids, and the Endocannabinoid System-Is there Therapeutic Potential for Inflammatory Bowel Disease?
Cannabis, Cannabinoids, and the Endocannabinoid System-Is there Therapeutic Potential for Inflammatory Bowel Disease?
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DOI：
10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjy185
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发表时间：
2019-03-30
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Simmons A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ambrose T;Simmons A
大麻及其提取物已被用于医学和娱乐数百年。越来越多的证据表明，外源性大麻和相关的大麻素改善了与炎症性肠病[IBD]相关的症状，如疼痛，食欲不振和腹泻。在体内，已证明exocannabinoids改善结肠炎，主要是在化学模型中。外切大麻素通过内源性大麻素系统发出信号，内源性脂质配体及其受体与许多合成和降解酶以及所得产物的日益了解的网络。使用药理学受体激动剂、基因敲除模型或抑制降解酶来调节内源性大麻素系统在很大程度上显示出体内结肠炎的改善。尽管这些有希望的实验结果，但在迄今为止进行的少数临床试验中，这尚未转化为对人类IBD的有意义的益处，最大的研究受到Δ9-四氢大麻酚组分导致的药物耐受性差的限制。这篇综述文章综合了目前的文献，围绕内源性大麻素系统的调制和管理exocannabinoids在实验和人类IBD。总结了IBD中大麻使用的临床调查和研究结果。在文献中的离散突出与确定感兴趣的新领域。
Cannabis sativa and its extracts have been used for centuries, both medicinally and recreationally. There is accumulating evidence that exogenous cannabis and related cannabinoids improve symptoms associated with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], such as pain, loss of appetite, and diarrhoea. In vivo, exocannabinoids have been demonstrated to improve colitis, mainly in chemical models. Exocannabinoids signal through the endocannabinoid system, an increasingly understood network of endogenous lipid ligands and their receptors, together with a number of synthetic and degradative enzymes and the resulting products. Modulating the endocannabinoid system using pharmacological receptor agonists, genetic knockout models, or inhibition of degradative enzymes have largely shown improvements in colitis in vivo. Despite these promising experimental results, this has not translated into meaningful benefits for human IBD in the few clinical trials which have been conducted to date, the largest study being limited by poor medication tolerance due to the Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol component. This review article synthesises the current literature surrounding the modulation of the endocannabinoid system and administration of exocannabinoids in experimental and human IBD. Findings of clinical surveys and studies of cannabis use in IBD are summarised. Discrepancies in the literature are highlighted together with identifying novel areas of interest.
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DOI：
10.1038/nrgastro.2010.39
发表时间：
2010-05
期刊：
Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology
影响因子：
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