Abortion Legalization and Childbearing in Mexico.
Abortion Legalization and Childbearing in Mexico.
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墨西哥的堕胎合法化和生育。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1728-4465.2016.00060.x
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Parrado,EmilioA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GutiérrezVázquez,EdithY;Parrado,EmilioA
2007年，堕胎在墨西哥联邦区合法化，使其成为拉丁美洲除古巴外最大的允许妇女在怀孕头三个月内提出堕胎要求的司法管辖区。虽然该法律对妇女健康和孕产妇死亡率的影响已被调查，但其与生育行为的潜在联系尚未得到评估。我们研究了2000年至2010年期间大都市地区在总体和特定生育率方面的差异，以及生育年龄模式，以确定堕胎合法化对墨西哥生育率的贡献。我们的统计规范应用了差异中的差异回归方法，该方法控制了生育率的其他社会经济预测因素的伴随变化，以评估法律对各年龄组的差异影响。此外，我们考虑了以前的生育水平和变化，以更好地将法律的影响与以前的趋势分开。总体而言，证据表明堕胎合法化与生育率之间存在系统性关联。与其他大都市地区和以前的趋势相比，这项法律似乎有助于降低墨西哥城的生育率。这种影响在20-34岁的妇女中最为明显，与向第一个和第二个孩子过渡有关，对青少年生育率的影响有限。有证据表明，其影响可能扩散到大墨西哥城都市区。
In 2007 abortion was legalized in the Federal District of Mexico, making it the largest jurisdiction in Latin America, outside of Cuba, to allow women to have abortions on request during the first trimester of pregnancy. While the implications of the law for women's health and maternal mortality have been investigated, its potential association with fertility behavior has yet to be assessed. We examine metropolitan‐area differences in overall and parity‐specific childbearing, as well as the age pattern of childbearing between 2000 and 2010 to identify the contribution of abortion legalization to fertility in Mexico. Our statistical specification applies difference‐in‐difference regression methods that control for concomitant changes in other socioeconomic predictors of fertility to assess the differential influence of the law across age groups. In addition, we account for prior fertility levels and change to better separate the effect of the law from preceding trends. Overall, the evidence suggests a systematic association between abortion legalization and fertility. The law appears to have contributed to lower fertility in Mexico City compared to other metropolitan areas and prior trends. The influence is mostly visible among women aged 20–34 in connection with the transition to first and second child, with limited impact on teenage fertility. There is some evidence that its effect might be diffusing to the Greater Mexico City Metropolitan area.