The importance of domestic water quality management in the context of faecal-oral disease transmission.
The importance of domestic water quality management in the context of faecal-oral disease transmission.
复制标题
粪口疾病传播背景下生活水质管理的重要性。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
S. Tyrrel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Trevett;R. Carter;S. Tyrrel
从社区水井或竖管收集饮用水后以及在家中储存期间，饮用水质量的恶化已得到充分记录。然而，有一种观点认为，供应后污染对公共卫生的影响很小。本文探讨饮用再污染饮用水的潜在健康风险。提出了决定家庭饮用水中病原体负荷的主要因素的概念框架。利用这一框架，提出了一系列与再污染饮用水传播疾病风险有关的假设，并根据当前文献和洪都拉斯农村社区的详细实地观察进行了检验。有相当多的证据表明，存在由再污染的饮用水传播疾病的情况。特别是储存容器的类型和用手接触储存的饮用水与腹泻病发病率增加有关。也有间接证据表明，家庭环境的卫生条件、文化规范和贫穷等因素与家庭储存的饮用水的病原体负荷以及因此造成的疾病传播风险有关。最后，研究发现，再污染的饮用水尤其对婴儿和继发性免疫缺陷患者的健康构成重大风险。
The deterioration of drinking water quality following its collection from a community well or standpipe and during storage in the home has been well documented. However, there is a view that post-supply contamination is of little public health consequence. This paper explores the potential health risk from consuming re-contaminated drinking water. A conceptual framework of principal factors that determine the pathogen load in household drinking water is proposed. Using this framework a series of hypotheses are developed in relation to the risk of disease transmission from re-contaminated drinking water and examined in the light of current literature and detailed field observation in rural Honduran communities. It is shown that considerable evidence of disease transmission from re-contaminated drinking water exists. In particular the type of storage container and hand contact with stored drinking water has been associated with increased incidence of diarrhoeal disease. There is also circumstantial evidence linking such factors as the sanitary conditions in the domestic environment, cultural norms and poverty with the pathogen load of household stored drinking water and hence the risk of disease transmission. In conclusion it is found that re-contaminated drinking water represents a significant health risk especially to infants, and also to those with secondary immunodeficiency.
影响因子：
5
作者：
VANDERSLICE, J;BRISCOE, J
通讯作者：
BRISCOE, J