Mesocosm and macrocosm experiments to examine effects of mowing emergent vegetation on wetland invertebrates
Mesocosm and macrocosm experiments to examine effects of mowing emergent vegetation on wetland invertebrates
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DOI：
10.1093/ee/25.2.303
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发表时间：
1996-04-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Resh, VH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
deSzalay, FA;Batzer, DP;Resh, VH
虽然中尺度实验经常被用作大尺度实验设计的替代方案，但很少有研究比较不同尺度实验的结果。本研究比较了中观和宏观实验的结果，探讨了水生无脊椎动物群落对新兴植被刈割的反应。在这两个试验中，对50%的芥菜（Salicornia virginica L.）林分的植被进行了修剪，在修剪后的处理区域内形成了开阔的水域和植被区。在修剪过的处理区和未处理的对照区的开阔水域和植被区进行了附生和底栖无脊椎动物取样。许多无脊椎动物的附生和底栖密度在刈割处理区植被区高于对照区。刈割处理区开放水域附生无脊椎动物密度始终低于对照区。然而，底栖无脊椎动物的密度表现出混合的反应；开放水域部分种密度较低，而控制区部分种密度较低。除草处理区（包括植被和开阔水域）的附生无脊椎动物总体密度和对照密度也表现出不同的反应。在修剪过的处理区，底栖生物的总体密度总是较高。这两个实验的结果是相似的，表明中观实验可以预测更大规模实验的结果。由于被水禽消耗的许多无脊椎动物种群密度在修剪过的地区较高，而蚊子密度在这些地区较低，因此修剪可以作为湿地生境的一种有用的管理技术。
Although mesocosm experiments are often used as alternatives to larger-scale experimental designs, few studies have compared the results obtained in experiments conducted at different scales. This study compares results of mesocosm and macrocosm experiments examining the responses of aquatic invertebrate communities to mowing of the emergent vegetation. In both experiments, 50% of the vegetation in stands of pickleweed, Salicornia virginica L., was mowed, which created open water and vegetated sections within the mowed treatment areas. Invertebrates were sampled epiphytically and benthically in the open water and vegetated sections in mowed treatment areas and in unmanipulated control areas. Epiphytic and benthic densities of many invertebrates were higher in vegetated sections in mowed treatment areas than in control areas. Epiphytic invertebrate densities in open water sections of mowed treatment areas were always lower than control areas. However, benthic invertebrate densities show a mixed response; densities of some species were lower in open water sections, whereas densities of other species were lower in control areas. Overall epiphytic invertebrate densities in mowed treatment areas (combining vegetated and open water densities) and control densities also showed a mixed response. Overall benthic densities were always higher in mowed treatment areas. The results in both experiments were similar and demonstrate that mesocosm experiments can predict results obtained from larger-scale experiments. Because densities of many invertebrate taxa that are consumed by waterfowl were higher in mowed areas and mosquito densities were lower in these areas, mowing can be a useful management technique in wetland habitats.