Hierarchical processing of sound location and motion in the human brainstem and planum temporale
Hierarchical processing of sound location and motion in the human brainstem and planum temporale
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1460-9568.2004.03836.x
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
von Cramon, DY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Krumbholz, K;Schönwiesner, M;von Cramon, DY
水平声音定位依赖于通过在脑干水平整合来自两只耳朵的信号来提取双耳声学线索。本实验的目的是使用功能磁共振成像和双耳差异范例来检测人类脑干中双耳整合的位点，其中对双耳声音的反应与对相应单耳声音的反应之和进行比较。该实验还包括移动声音条件，将其与频谱和能量匹配的静止声音条件进行对比，以评估一般双耳处理中涉及的哪些结构专门用于运动处理。双耳差异对比揭示了中脑下丘、丘脑内侧膝状体和初级听觉皮层的显着双耳反应抑制。这种效应似乎反映了潜在活动的实际减少，这可能是由上橄榄复合体水平的双耳抑制或不应性引起的。尽管包括初级听觉皮层在内的所有结构都被静止的声音和移动的声音一样强烈地激活，但颞平面中的非初级听觉场选择性地对移动的声音做出反应。这些结果表明听觉空间处理的分层组织，其中双耳信息的一般分析早在脑干就开始，而动态双耳线索的表示依赖于颞平面中的非主要听觉场。
Horizontal sound localization relies on the extraction of binaural acoustic cues by integration of the signals from the two ears at the level of the brainstem. The present experiment was aimed at detecting the sites of binaural integration in the human brainstem using functional magnetic resonance imaging and a binaural difference paradigm, in which the responses to binaural sounds were compared with the sum of the responses to the corresponding monaural sounds. The experiment also included a moving sound condition, which was contrasted against a spectrally and energetically matched stationary sound condition to assess which of the structures that are involved in general binaural processing are specifically specialized in motion processing. The binaural difference contrast revealed a substantial binaural response suppression in the inferior colliculus in the midbrain, the medial geniculate body in the thalamus and the primary auditory cortex. The effect appears to reflect an actual reduction of the underlying activity, probably brought about by binaural inhibition or refractoriness at the level of the superior olivary complex. Whereas all structures up to and including the primary auditory cortex were activated as strongly by the stationary as by the moving sounds, non-primary auditory fields in the planum temporale responded selectively to the moving sounds. These results suggest a hierarchical organization of auditory spatial processing in which the general analysis of binaural information begins as early as the brainstem, while the representation of dynamic binaural cues relies on non-primary auditory fields in the planum temporale.