The Impact of Everyday Stressors on the Immune System and Health
The Impact of Everyday Stressors on the Immune System and Health
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-16996-1_6
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Christian, Lisa M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Seiler, Annina;Fagundes, Christopher P.;Christian, Lisa M.
过去三四十年的研究已经清楚地确定，心理压力影响临床相关的免疫系统结果，包括炎症过程、伤口愈合以及对感染因子和其他免疫挑战的反应（例如，疫苗接种、自身免疫、癌症）。个体应对压力生活事件的能力各不相同，对压力、情绪（例如，抑郁症状）和不良生活事件可以改变应激源对免疫功能产生负面影响的程度。在本章中，我们概述了将日常压力与免疫功能和健康联系起来的主要发现。此外，慢性压力和炎症升高可能导致严重的健康后果，包括心血管疾病，糖尿病和癌症的合理机制的复杂性被描绘出来。文献提供了几个有希望的干预措施，以防止应激诱导的免疫失调的途径的支持。研究日常生活中的压力源也对理解更极端的压力源的影响有很大的影响，例如在太空飞行中遇到的压力源，这是一种复杂的环境，生理和心理挑战，对人类健康有多种不利后果。
Research over the past three to four decades has clearly established that psychological stress affects clinically relevant immune system outcomes, including inflammatory processes, wound healing, and responses to infectious agents and other immune challenges (e.g., vaccinations, autoimmunity, cancer). Individuals vary in their ability to cope with stressful life events, and differences in perceptions of stress, mood (e.g., depressive symptoms), and adverse life events can modify the magnitude to which stressors exert a negative influence on immune function. In this chapter, we provide an overview of key findings linking everyday stressors to immune function and health. In addition, the complexity of a plausible mechanism through which chronic stress and elevated inflammation might result in serious health consequences including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer is delineated. The literature provides support for several promising avenues for interventions to prevent stress-induced immune dysregulation. Research examining stressors in everyday life also has strong implications with respect to understanding the effects of more extreme stressors, such as those encountered during space flight, a complex environmental, physiological, and psychological challenge with multiple adverse consequences for human health.