Calculating the chemical exergy of materials
Calculating the chemical exergy of materials
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DOI：
10.1111/jiec.13120
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发表时间：
2021-03-31
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Cullen, Jonathan M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Michalakakis, Charalampos;Fouillou, Jeremy;Cullen, Jonathan M.
现代社会需要大量的材料，导致温室气体的排放。有效的气候政策不仅应注重能源效率，还应注重材料效率。火用分析是一种用于识别工业资源流系统中效率改进机会的强大度量。（火用）提供了能量和物质资源的单一统一度量，并指示了这些资源的真实的热力学值，但是该方法缺乏全面的特定物质化学（火用）数据集。在全球资源供应链中使用的各种不同的材料需要结合火用计算方法。这些方法结合成一个单一的有效能计算器工具，数据集中有超过1400种物质。计算的关键材料的化学火用值通常与文献中估计的值相差不到10%。该计算器用于2013年全球上游材料供应链的案例研究。的火用资源图中的Sankey图可视化，并被发现是72%的资源效率与170 EJ的组合火用损失和破坏。进一步的分析进行了炼油，公用事业和工业部门，发现是72%，44%和50%的资源效率，分别。它们的损失和破坏合计分别为15、101和54 EJ。这项研究和开发的计算器提供了一个全面的数据集的化学火用值为广泛的材料，并可以应用于各种研究使用火用分析。
Modern society requires large amounts of materials which lead to emissions of greenhouse gases. Effective climate policy should focus on not just energy efficiency but material efficiency as well. Exergy analysis is a powerful metric used to identify opportunities for efficiency improvement in industrial resource flow systems. Exergy offers a single unified measure of energy and material resources and indicates the real thermodynamic value of these resources, but the method suffers from a lack of comprehensive specific material chemical exergy datasets. The variety of different materials used in the global resource supply chain necessitates a combination of exergy calculation approaches. These approaches are combined into a single exergy calculator tool with over 1400 substances in the dataset. The chemical exergy values computed for key materials typically differ by less than 10% from values estimated in literature. The calculator is used in a case study of the upstream global material supply chain in 2013. The exergy resource map is visualized in a Sankey diagram and is found to be 72% resource efficient with 170 EJ of combined exergy losses and destruction. Further analysis is conducted on the refining, utilities, and industry sectors which are found to be 72%, 44%, and 50% resource efficient, respectively. Their combined losses and destruction are 15, 101, and 54 EJ, respectively. This study and the calculator developed provide a comprehensive dataset of chemical exergy values for a wide range of materials and can be applied in a variety of studies using exergy analysis.