Child emotionality and maternal responsiveness as predictors of reunion behaviors in the strange situation: Links mediated and unmediated by separation distress
Child emotionality and maternal responsiveness as predictors of reunion behaviors in the strange situation: Links mediated and unmediated by separation distress
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DOI：
10.1111/1467-8624.00402
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Coy, KC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kochanska, G;Coy, KC
112个孩子在9个月和14个月大的时候，在与母亲的关系之外（在标准实验室范例中）和关系内（在母子互动中）观察到的孩子的情绪——恐惧、愤怒和快乐，以及母亲的反应，作为14个月大的孩子在奇怪的情况下团聚行为的预测因素。许多预测因素与团聚行为有关，但大多数这些关系至少部分受到儿童分离痛苦的调节，而分离痛苦本身强烈地预测了团聚行为。当痛苦得到控制时，这些关系就不再重要了。然而，有几个联系仍然很重要，而且它们不受痛苦的影响：几乎所有的联系都是在母子关系的背景下评估的。特别是，次理想关系的可能标志（儿童在与母亲互动时的快乐减弱，愤怒增加，母亲的反应能力差）与团聚时更多的回避和抵抗有关，即使在考虑了痛苦的强烈影响之后。研究早期关系外部和内部的因素如何影响依恋系统的组成部分，可能会促进对儿童在奇怪情况下行为的理解。
Children's emotionality-fear, anger, and joy-observed outside of the relationship with the mother (in standard laboratory paradigms), and within that relationship (in mother-child interactions), and mothers' responsiveness, all at 9 and 14 months, were examined as predictors of the reunion behaviors in the Strange Situation at 14 months in 112 children. Many predictors were linked to the reunion behaviors, but most of those relations were at least partially mediated by children's separation distress, which itself strongly predicted the reunion behaviors. Those relations were no longer significant when distress was controlled. Several links, however, remained significant, and they were unmediated by distress: Almost all involved measures assessed within the context of the mother-child relationship. In particular, possible markers of a suboptimal relationship (children's dampened joy and increased anger in interactions with the mother, poor maternal responsiveness) were associated with more avoidance and resistance upon reunion, even after accounting for the strong impact of distress, Studying how factors measured outside of and within early relationships influence the components of the attachment system may foster understanding of child behavior in the Strange Situation.