The Handbook of Security
The Handbook of Security
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安全手册
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-349-67284-4_25
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bowers K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bowers K
毫无疑问，犯罪绘图现在是警察组织和安全行业的主流做法（Wartell和麦克尤恩，2001年）。例如，内政部在2005年进行的一项调查（Weir和Bangs，2007年），从43个英国警察部队中的35个和许多英国减少犯罪和混乱伙伴关系（CDRP）的回复中发现，171个受访者中有90%使用地理信息系统（GIS），其中四分之三至少每周使用一次。在培训方面，大多数答复者认为自己是有能力或熟练的用户。常用的方法包括单个犯罪事件的点映射（86%）和数据到边界的专题映射，如地方当局病房或警察巡逻（80%）。只有50%的受访者使用热点映射和使用核密度估计（平滑的风险表面，犯罪风险从点模式插值）和网格专题映射。在实际问题中，当被问及他们进行的映射如何为运营决策提供信息时，只有29%的人认为它总是或经常使用，25%的人表示他们的分析很少使用或从未使用过。
There is no doubt that crime mapping is now a mainstream practice in police organizations and the security industry more generally (Wartell and McEwen, 2001). For example, a Home Office survey (Weir and Bangs, 2007) conducted in 2005, with responses from 35 of the 43 UK police forces and many of the UK Crime and Disorder Reduction Partnerships (CDRPs), revealed that 90% of the 171 respondents used Geographic Information Systems (GIS), with three-quarters using them at least weekly. In terms of training, most respondents assessed themselves as competent or proficient users. Commonly used methods included point mapping of individual incidents of crime (86%) and the thematic mapping of data to boundaries such as local authority wards or police beats (80%). Only 50% of respondents used hotspot mapping and where used kernel density estimation (a smoothed risk surface over which crime risk is interpolated from a point pattern) and grid thematic mapping were employed. Of practical concern, when asked how the mapping they undertook informed operational decisions, only 29% felt that it was always or frequently used, with 25% stating that their analyses were very infrequently or never used.