Depression and Social Anxiety in Children: Differential Links with Coping Strategies
Depression and Social Anxiety in Children: Differential Links with Coping Strategies
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DOI：
10.1007/s10802-009-9375-4
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发表时间：
2010-04-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Novin, Sheida
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wright, Mark;Banerjee, Robin;Novin, Sheida
众所周知，儿童用来应对压力源的策略与情绪调整有关，但对与社交焦虑和抑郁的具体联系了解不够。目前的调查测试了社交焦虑和抑郁与特定类型的应对策略的不同关联，并评估了随着时间的推移这些关联的方向。在研究1中，404名8-13岁的儿童完成了由Kochendeer-Lade和Skinner(发展心理学38：267-278,2002)修订的应对方式量表，以评估因子结构和子量表的内部一致性。在研究2中，270名8-11岁的儿童完成了抑郁和社交焦虑量表、社会计量学调查和研究1的应对量表，并在9个月后进行了随访。在研究1中，因素分析发现了六个内部一致的应对分量表。在研究2中，社交焦虑和抑郁被发现与随后的应对策略有明显的纵向关联。抑郁可以唯一地预测问题解决能力、寻求社会支持和分心能力的下降，而社交焦虑则不能。内化应对是社交焦虑的一个更强烈的结果，而外化程度的增加唯一地被抑郁所预测。也有一些证据表明，同伴关系起到了调节作用。然而，没有一种应对策略预测到抑郁或社交焦虑在这两个时间点上的变化。这些结果突出了情绪调整可能对儿童应对策略的影响，并澄清了社交焦虑和抑郁在应对方面的重要区别。
Strategies that children use for coping with stressors are known to be related to emotional adjustment, but not enough is understood about specific links with social anxiety and depression. The present investigation tested differentiated associations of social anxiety and depression with specific types of coping strategies, and evaluated the direction of these associations over time. In Study 1, 404 children aged 8-13 years completed a coping scale modified from Kochendefer-Ladd and Skinner (Developmental Psychology 38:267-278, 2002) in order to evaluate factor structure and subscale internal consistency. In Study 2, 270 8-11-year-old children completed depression and social anxiety scales, a sociometric survey, and the coping scale from Study 1, with a follow-up timepoint 9 months later. In Study 1, factor analysis revealed six internally consistent coping subscales. In Study 2, social anxiety and depression were found to have distinctive longitudinal associations with subsequent coping strategies. Decreased problem-solving, social support-seeking, and distraction were uniquely predicted by depression but not by social anxiety. Internalising coping was a stronger outcome of social anxiety, and increased externalising was uniquely predicted by depression. There was also some evidence for a moderating role of peer relations. However, none of the coping strategies predicted changes in depression or social anxiety over the two timepoints. These results highlight the impact that emotional adjustment may have on children's coping strategies, and clarify important distinctions between social anxiety and depression in relation to coping.