The introduction of solid food and growth in the first 2 y of life in formula-fed children: analysis of data from a European cohort study
The introduction of solid food and growth in the first 2 y of life in formula-fed children: analysis of data from a European cohort study
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DOI：
10.3945/ajcn.110.000810
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Koletzko, Berthold
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grote, Veit;Schiess, Sonia A.;Koletzko, Berthold
背景：早期引入固体食物被怀疑会导致婴儿能量摄入过多和体重增加。目的：本研究的目的是测试引入固体食物是否影响能量摄入或生长。设计：在5个欧洲国家招募的健康配方奶粉喂养的婴儿有资格参与研究。在招募时以及3、6、12和24个月时进行人体测量。固体食物的引入时间和能量摄入量通过问卷调查和每月一次的3-d称重食物记录来确定。引入固体食物时的年龄分为4组：= 22周。结果如下：在招募的1090名婴儿中，830名（76%）在首次引入固体食物时有年龄数据，671名（61%）在24个月大之前完成了研究。开始进食固体食物的中位年龄为19周。引入固体食物的时间与国家、性别、出生体重、父母教育和婚姻状况以及母亲吸烟有关。摄入固体食物的儿童在生命的前8个月内的能量摄入量较高。固体食物的引入并不能预测24个月时的人体测量。生长轨迹显著不同：在前12周引入固体食物的儿童经历了早期追赶生长，而那些在>22周龄引入固体食物的儿童生长较慢，并保持在较低的轨迹上。结论：固体食物并不能简单地取代婴儿配方奶粉，而是会增加能量摄入。固体食物摄入时间对婴儿生长发育影响不大。本试验在clinicaltrials.gov上注册为NCT 00338689。美国临床营养杂志2011;94（增刊）：1785 S-93 S。
Background: Early introduction of solid food has been suspected to induce excessive infant energy intake and weight gain. Objective: The objective of this study was to test whether introduction of solid foods influences energy intake or growth. Design: Healthy, formula-fed infants who were recruited in 5 European countries were eligible for study participation. Anthropometric measurements were taken at recruitment and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 mo. Time of introduction of solid foods and energy intake were determined by questionnaires and 3-d weighed food records at monthly intervals. Age at introduction of solid food was categorized into 4 groups: = 22 wk. Results: Of 1090 recruited infants, 830 (76%) had data available for age at first introduction of solid food, and 671 (61%) completed the study until 24 mo of age. The median age at introduction of solid food was 19 wk. The time of introduction of solid foods was associated with country, sex, birth weight, parental education and marital status, and maternal smoking. Energy intake was higher in the first 8 mo of life in children with solid-food intake. Solid-food introduction did not predict anthropometric measures at 24 mo. Growth trajectories differed significantly: children with solid-food introduction in the first 12 wk experienced early catch-up growth, whereas those introduced to solid food at >22 wk of age grew more slowly and stayed on lower trajectories. Conclusions: Solid foods do not simply replace infant formula but increase energy intake. Time of introduction of solid food has little influence on infant growth. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00338689. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;94(suppl):1785S-93S.