Poverty and disability in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review.
Poverty and disability in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0189996
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Polack S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Banks LM;Kuper H;Polack S
残疾和贫穷被认为是一个循环，相互强化。虽然关于存在联系的一致意见是强有力的，但缺乏强有力的经验证据来证实和描述这种潜在的联系。因此，进行了一次系统审查，以探讨残疾与经济贫困之间的关系，重点是低收入和中等收入国家的情况。研究人员检索了10个电子数据库，以检索1990年至2016年3月期间发表的任何流行病学设计的研究，并比较了LMIC（世界银行分类）中残疾人和非残疾人之间的贫困水平。贫困是使用经济措施（如资产、收入）来定义的，而残疾则包括广泛的评估（如自我报告的功能或活动限制）和具体的损伤/障碍。提取的数据包括：残疾与贫困之间关联的衡量标准、人口特征和研究特征。然后，按人口和研究特点对发现贫穷与残疾之间存在积极、消极、无效或混合联系的研究比例进行了分类。从检索和筛选的15，500份记录中，150项研究被纳入最终样本。几乎一半的纳入研究在中国、印度或巴西进行（n = 70，47%）。大多数研究采用横断面设计（n = 124，83%），侧重于特定的损伤类型（n = 115，77%），并使用收入作为经济贫困的衡量标准（n = 82，55%）。122项研究（81%）发现了残疾与贫困标志之间存在正相关的证据。当结果按性别、所使用的贫困衡量标准和缺陷类型分列时，这种关系依然存在。按数据收集时的国家收入组划分，随着收入水平的提高，国家一级分析中存在正相关的比例也在增加，低收入国家中有59%、中低收入国家中有67%、中高收入国家中有72%存在正相关。按年龄组划分，报告残疾与贫困之间正相关的研究比例在老年人中最低，在工作年龄段的成年人中最高（69%对86%）。有强有力的证据表明，中低收入国家的残疾与贫穷之间存在联系，迫切需要进一步开展研究和采取方案/政策行动，以打破这种循环。
Disability and poverty are believed to operate in a cycle, with each reinforcing the other. While agreement on the existence of a link is strong, robust empirical evidence substantiating and describing this potential association is lacking. Consequently, a systematic review was undertaken to explore the relationship between disability and economic poverty, with a focus on the situation in low and middle income countries (LMICs). Ten electronic databases were searched to retrieve studies of any epidemiological design, published between 1990-March 2016 with data comparing the level of poverty between people with and without disabilities in LMICs (World Bank classifications). Poverty was defined using economic measures (e.g. assets, income), while disability included both broad assessments (e.g. self-reported functional or activity limitations) and specific impairments/disorders. Data extracted included: measures of association between disability and poverty, population characteristics and study characteristics. Proportions of studies finding positive, negative, null or mixed associations between poverty and disability were then disaggregated by population and study characteristics. From the 15,500 records retrieved and screened, 150 studies were included in the final sample. Almost half of included studies were conducted in China, India or Brazil (n = 70, 47%). Most studies were cross-sectional in design (n = 124, 83%), focussed on specific impairment types (n = 115, 77%) and used income as the measure for economic poverty (n = 82, 55%). 122 studies (81%) found evidence of a positive association between disability and a poverty marker. This relationship persisted when results were disaggregated by gender, measure of poverty used and impairment types. By country income group at the time of data collection, the proportion of country-level analyses with a positive association increased with the rising income level, with 59% of low-income, 67% of lower-middle and 72% of upper-middle income countries finding a positive relationship. By age group, the proportion of studies reporting a positive association between disability and poverty was lowest for older adults and highest for working-age adults (69% vs. 86%). There is strong evidence for a link between disability and poverty in LMICs and an urgent need for further research and programmatic/policy action to break the cycle.
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Emamian, Mohammad Hassan;Fateh, Mansooreh;Fotouhi, Akbar
通讯作者：
Fotouhi, Akbar
DOI：
10.1590/s0034-8910.2015049005945
发表时间：
2015-01-01
期刊：
Revista de Saúde Pública
影响因子：
--
作者：
Andrade, Keitty Regina Cordeiro de;Silva, Marcus Tolentino;Pereira, Maurício Gomes
通讯作者：
Pereira, Maurício Gomes
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Brown, Ruth C.;Trapp, Stephen K.;Berenz, Erin C.;Bigdeli, Tim Bernard;Acierno, Ron;Trinh Luong Tran;Lam Tu Trung;Nguyen Thanh Tam;Tran Tuan;La Thi Buoi;Tran Thu Ha;Tran Duc Thach;Amstadter, Ananda B.
通讯作者：
Amstadter, Ananda B.
影响因子：
10.5
作者：
Guerra, Mariella;Ferri, Cleusa P.;Prince, Martin
通讯作者：
Prince, Martin
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Blay, Sergio L.;Fillenbaum, Gerda G.;Gastal, Fabio L.
通讯作者：
Gastal, Fabio L.