Non-small cell lung cancer in the era of immunotherapy.
Non-small cell lung cancer in the era of immunotherapy.
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DOI：
10.1053/j.seminoncol.2022.06.009
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发表时间：
2022-07
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Quillan Huang;J. Kemnade;Loraine Cornwell;F. Kheradmand;A. Sabichi;D. Das
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Quillan Huang;J. Kemnade;Loraine Cornwell;F. Kheradmand;A. Sabichi;D. Das
非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的免疫治疗已经彻底改变了晚期疾病的治疗方法，最近的数据显示，它在疾病的早期阶段有好处。几项关键临床试验提供了令人信服的数据，表明适应性免疫细胞可能对非小细胞肺癌非常有效，甚至可能具有治疗作用。免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）可以释放对肿瘤抗原的高度反应性记忆免疫反应，对晚期或复发性疾病具有持久的效果。尽管有这些令人鼓舞的结果，但该领域仍存在许多关键问题，包括例如如何确定最受益于ICI治疗的NSCLC患者亚群，以及如何通过利用药物的组合或测序来增强ICI疗效。对肺癌生物学机制的深入了解为进一步探索适应性免疫格局与NSCLC之间的相互作用提供了独特的机会。鉴于退伍军人肺癌的发病率很高，而且许多退伍军人正在接受针对这种疾病的免疫治疗，因此在未来的临床试验中让他们有足够的代表是及时的。针对退伍军人的新临床试验可以帮助探索减轻耐药机制的方法，以及研究对ICI和其他治疗反应的预测和预后生物标志物。本文将回顾非小细胞肺癌免疫治疗的当前数据和适应症，介绍免疫治疗研究的新领域，并讨论其对退伍军人人群的适用性。
Immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has revolutionized treatment for those with advanced disease, and recent data have emerged providing evidence for its benefits in earlier stages of the disease. Several pivotal clinical trials provide compelling data that adaptive immune cells may be highly effective and possibly even curative for NSCLC. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can unleash highly reactive memory immune responses to tumor antigens with durable effects against advanced or recurrent disease. Despite these encouraging results, many critical questions remain in the field including, for example, how to identify the subsets of NSCLC patients who most benefit from ICI treatment, and how ICI efficacy might be enhanced by utilizing combinations or sequencing of agents. A deeper understanding of biological mechanisms involved in lung cancer offers a unique opportunity to further explore the interaction between the adaptive immune landscape and NSCLC. Given the high incidence of lung cancer in Veterans and many Veterans being treated with immunotherapy for this disease, it is timely to have their adequate representation in future clinical trials. New clinical trials focused on Veterans can assist in exploring ways to mitigate resistant mechanisms as well as to investigate predictive and prognostic biomarkers for response to ICIs and other treatments. This paper will review current data and indications for immunotherapy in NSCLC, introduce new areas of research within immunotherapy, and discuss its applicability to the Veteran population.