Response of microbial activity and microbial community composition in soils to long-term arsenic and cadmium exposure
Response of microbial activity and microbial community composition in soils to long-term arsenic and cadmium exposure
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DOI：
10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.10.020
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Kandeler, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lorenz, N;Hintemann, T;Kandeler, E
土壤中的砷、镉会影响土壤微生物的功能和群落组成，从而影响土壤生态系统的功能。本研究旨在探讨长期砷、镉污染对土壤微生物群落组成和土壤酶活性的影响。我们分析了25年前被污染的土壤，目前仍然显示出As，18和39 mg kg（-1），或Cd，34和134 mg kg（-1）的增强水平。不添加重金属的土壤作为对照。聚合酶链反应（PCR）和变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）结果表明，As、Cd污染土壤中细菌群落组成与对照土壤中不同。通过呼吸醌类分析评估的微生物群落组成也是如此。土壤真菌和变形菌对As和Cd有一定的耐受性，而其他细菌类群则有所减少。碱性磷酸酶、芳基硫酸酯酶、蛋白酶和脲酶活性的下降与放线菌和厚壁菌门呼吸醌的减少有关。木聚糖酶活性不受影响或升高，在污染的土壤中，这是与较高丰度的真菌醌类，醌类中发现变形菌。(c)2005爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) in soils can affect soil microbial function and community composition and, therefore, may have effects on soil ecosystem functioning. The aim of our study was to assess the effects of long-term As and Cd contamination on soil microbial community composition and soil enzyme activities. We analyzed soils that have been contaminated 25 years ago and at present still show enhanced levels of either As, 18 and 39 mg kg(-1), or Cd, 34 and 134 mg kg(-1). Soil without heavy metal addition served as control. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) showed that bacterial community composition in As and Cd contaminated soils differed from that in the control soil. The same was true for the microbial community composition assessed by analysis of respiratory quinones. Soil fungi and Proteobacteria appeared to be tolerant towards As and Cd, while other groups of bacteria were reduced. The decline in alkaline phosphatase, arylsulphatase, protease and urease activities in the As- and Cd-contaminated soils was correlated with a decrease of respiratory quinones occuring in Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. Xylanase activity was unaffected or elevated in the contaminated soils which was correlated with a higher abundance of fungal quinones, and quinones found in Proteobacteria. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.