Development of vocal tract length during earl childhood: A magnetic resonance imaging study
Development of vocal tract length during earl childhood: A magnetic resonance imaging study
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DOI：
10.1121/1.1835958
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Yandell, BS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vorperian, HK;Kent, RD;Yandell, BS
儿童的语言发展在一定程度上取决于声道的生长和解剖结构的重建。本研究通过磁共振成像（MRI）检查了各种硬组织和软组织声道结构的生长模式，并评估了它们的生长与声道长度（VTL）的关系。测量了63例儿童（出生至6岁9个月）和12例成人的唇厚、软硬腭长度、舌长、鼻口咽长、下颌长度和深度、舌骨和喉距鼻后棘的距离。结果表明：(a)所有口腔和咽声道结构都在持续生长，没有性别二态性，并且在出生到18个月之间有一段加速生长的时期；(b)声道结构的区域（口/前vs咽/后）和方向（水平vs垂直）决定其生长模式；(c)不同结构与VTL的相关增长随着发育而变化——尽管整个发育过程中VTL的增加主要是由于咽/后部结构的增长，但在生命的前18个月期间，VTL也受到口腔/前部结构增长的实质性影响。研究结果为声道发育建模提供了规范性数据。(C) 2005美国声学学会。
Speech development in children is predicated partly on the growth and anatomic restructuring of the vocal tract. This study examines the growth pattern of the various hard and soft tissue vocal tract structures as visualized by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and assesses their relational growth with vocal tract length (VTL). Measurements on lip thickness, hard- and soft-palate length, tongue length, naso-oro-pharyngeal length, mandibular length and depth, and distance of the hyoid bone and larynx from the posterior nasal spine were used from 63 pediatric cases (ages birth to 6 years and 9 months) and 12 adults. Results indicate (a) ongoing growth of all oral and pharyngeal vocal tract structures with no sexual dimorphism, and a period of accelerated growth between birth and 18 months; (b) vocal tract structure's region (oral/anterior versus pharyngeal/posterior) and orientation (horizontal versus vertical) determine its growth pattern; and (c) the relational growth of the different structures with VTL changes with development-while the increase in VTL throughout development is predominantly due to growth of pharyngeal/posterior structures, VTL is also substantially affected by the growth of oral/anterior structures during the first 18 months of life. Findings provide normative data that can be used for modeling the development of the vocal tract. (C) 2005 Acoustical Society of America.