Energy storage against interconnection as a balancing mechanism for a 100% renewable UK electricity grid
Energy storage against interconnection as a balancing mechanism for a 100% renewable UK electricity grid
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DOI：
10.1049/iet-rpg.2014.0042
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发表时间：
2015-02
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
M. Alexander;P. James;N. Richardson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Alexander;P. James;N. Richardson
这项研究考虑了100%可再生英国电网的发电和需求挑战，以及如何通过互联或能源存储来解决这一问题。已经构建了一年的小时需求和发电情况：年需求为540太瓦时的常规业务（BAU）和需求为390太瓦时的绿色+ (GP)，基于上述考虑了加热电气化（ASHP）和电动汽车运输（EV）的另外两种方案。由此产生的每小时不平衡已被用于计算互联和储能需求。本文讨论了BAU情景的发现。计算出所需的互联容量为60吉瓦，耗资580亿英镑。不同技术对储能容量的要求不同。额定容量估计为14吉瓦，抽水蓄能容量为3太瓦时，液态空气容量为11吉瓦和2.3太瓦时，氢储存容量为65吉瓦和13.6太瓦时，成本分别为65亿英镑，76亿英镑和450亿英镑。本文指出，在地下洞穴中储存氢气将是最便宜的解决方案。然而，虽然这些技术解决方案可以解决完全可再生电网的发电和需求不平衡问题，但每种技术显然都存在障碍。
This study considers generation and demand challenges of a 100% renewable UK electricity grid and how this could be addressed with interconnection or energy storage. Hourly demand and electricity generation profiles for a year have been constructed: Business as Usual (BAU) with a yearly demand of 540 TWh and Green Plus (GP) with a demand of 390 TWh, Two further scenarios based on the above have been considered with electrification of heating (ASHP) and electric vehicle transportation (EV). The resultant hourly imbalances have been used to calculate the interconnection and energy storage requirements. This paper discusses the findings of the BAU scenario. The calculated interconnector capacity required was found to be 60 GW and cost £58 billion. Energy storage capacity requirements vary depending on the selected technology. Rated capacity was estimated to be 14 GW with storage capacity of 3 TWh for pumped storage, 11 GW and 2.3 TWh for liquid air, and 65 GW and 13.6 TWh for hydrogen storage, at a cost of £65, £76 and £45 billion respectively. This paper indicates that storing hydrogen in underground caverns would offer the cheapest solution. However, whilst these technological solutions can address generation and demand imbalance in a fully renewable electricity grid, there clearly remain barriers to each technology.