Probing skin physiology through the volatile footprint: Discriminating volatile emissions before and after acute barrier disruption
Probing skin physiology through the volatile footprint: Discriminating volatile emissions before and after acute barrier disruption
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DOI：
10.1111/exd.13344
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发表时间：
2017-10-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Morrin, Aoife
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duffy, Emer;Jacobs, Matthew R.;Morrin, Aoife
在前臂掌侧急性屏障破坏之前和之后，对人体皮肤释放的挥发性有机化合物进行了采样，以探讨这种方法在皮肤生理学研究中的意义。提出了一种集成固相微萃取纤维的小型可穿戴外壳，允许对人体皮肤挥发物进行快速封闭顶空采样，可在15分钟内以舒适的可穿戴形式进行非侵入性样品采集。采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术分离鉴定挥发性代谢物。共鉴定出37种化合物，其中醛类（己醛、壬醛、癸醛）、酸类（壬烷、癸烷、十二烷、十四烷和五烷酸）和碳氢化合物（角鲨烷、角鲨烯）在化学图谱中占主导地位。通过角质层的胶带剥离（TS）实现急性屏障破坏，以确定对挥发性特征的影响。主成分分析表明，在TS前后存在明显的挥发性特征，并检查了显著特征的失调。来自皮脂腺成分及其氧化产物的几种化合物在屏障破坏后发生改变，包括角鲨烷、角鲨烯、辛烷和壬醛。甘氨酸的上调也被观察到，这可能表明对皮肤的天然保湿因子生产的扰动。TS影响了在皮肤屏障内起作用的水脂膜，导致受影响皮肤的不同挥发性特征。这为皮肤病学的科学和临床研究提供了一种有价值的非侵入性方法，特别是与屏障功能受损相关的皮肤疾病。
Volatile organic compounds emitted by human skin were sampled before and after acute barrier disruption of the volar forearm to investigate the significance of this approach to skin physiology research. A small wearable housing integrating a solid-phase micro-extraction fibre permitting rapid enclosed headspace sampling of human skin volatiles is presented, enabling non-invasive sample collection in 15minutes, in a comfortable wearable format. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was utilised to separate and identify the volatile metabolites. A total of 37 compounds were identified, with aldehydes (hexanal, nonanal, decanal), acids (nonanoic, decanoic, dodecanoic, tetradecanoic and pentadecanoic acids) and hydrocarbons (squalane, squalene) predominant within the chemical profile. Acute barrier disruption was achieved through tape stripping (TS) of the stratum corneum to determine the impact on the volatile signature. Principle component analysis demonstrated there to be a discriminating volatile signature before and after TS. The dysregulation of significant features was examined. Several compounds derived from sebaceous components and their oxidation products were altered following barrier disruption, including squalane, squalene, octanal and nonanal. The upregulation of glycine was also observed, which may indicate a perturbation to the skin's natural moisturising factor production. TS impacted the hydro-lipid film that functions within the skin barrier, resulting in a differing volatile signature from affected skin. This provides a valuable non-invasive approach for scientific and clinical studies in dermatology, particularly around dermatological disorders associated with compromised barrier function.