KUZNETS INVERTED U-CURVE HYPOTHESIS EXAMINED ON UP-TO DATE OBSERVATIONS FOR 145 COUNTRIES
KUZNETS INVERTED U-CURVE HYPOTHESIS EXAMINED ON UP-TO DATE OBSERVATIONS FOR 145 COUNTRIES
复制标题
根据 145 个国家的最新观测结果检验库兹涅茨倒 U 形曲线假设
DOI：
10.18267/j.pep.490
复制
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
J. Čížek
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O. Melikhova;J. Čížek
收入不平等的倒U型曲线依赖于平均收入的绝对值的库兹涅茨假说仍然是一个悬而未决的问题，尽管越来越多的理论和实证研究对这个话题。本文分析了145个国家1979-2009年期间的平均收入和收入不平等的历史数据。我们发现，收入不平等主要受政府补贴和社会转移支付政策的影响。不同国家的补贴和社会转移支付数额不同，使得数据存在偏差。社会贡献低的国家呈现倒U型曲线。但是，社会贡献的增加使U型曲线变平，并使其最大值向平均收入的较高值移动。在此基础上，建立了一个描述政府政策和经济发展水平影响的模型。
The Kuznets hypothesis of inverted U-curve dependence of the income inequality on the absolute value of the average income is still an unresolved issue despite the growing number of theoretical and empirical research on this topic. This paper analyzes the historical data on the average income and the income inequality for the period 1979-2009 collected for 145 countries. We found that the income inequality is infl uenced predominantly by governmental policy on subsidies and social transfers. Different amount of subsidies and social transfers across various countries makes the data biased. The inverted U-curve was found in countries with low amount of social contribution. However, increasing amount of social contributions makes the U-curve fl at and shifts its maximum to higher values of the average income. Based on the experimental data a model describing the infl uence of both governmental policy and the level of economic development was developed.