LANFEX: A Field and Modeling Study to Improve Our Understanding and Forecasting of Radiation Fog
LANFEX: A Field and Modeling Study to Improve Our Understanding and Forecasting of Radiation Fog
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DOI：
10.1175/bams-d-16-0299.1
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发表时间：
2018-10-01
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Clark, R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Price, J. D.;Lane, S.;Clark, R.
雾是一种影响人类活动的高影响天气现象，包括航空，运输和健康。它的预测是天气预报模型的一个长期问题。预报的成功取决于各种气象和地形参数之间复杂的相互作用;即使其中一些参数的微小变化也可以决定浓雾和良好能见度之间的差异。这使得雾的预报成为数值天气预报最具挑战性的目标之一。局域和非局域雾实验（LANFEX）是一个尝试，以提高我们的理解，辐射雾的形成，通过相结合的领域和数值研究。为期18个月的现场试验在英国进行，使用了广泛的设备，包括一些新的测量方法（例如，露点测量和热成像）。在一个丘陵地区，我们在四个相邻的山谷中安装了通量塔，以观察不同地点相似但截然不同的气象条件的演变。我们将这些与雾的形成和演变联系起来。结果表明，新的定量洞察微妙的湍流条件下形成的辐射雾内的稳定边界层。还进行了建模研究，重点是高分辨率预报模型和分辨率从1.5公里到100米的研究模型。早期的结果表明，分辨率约为100米的模式能够再现可导致辐射雾发生和发展的局部尺度变化，并且还发现了模式参数化中气溶胶激活、湍流以及云微观和宏观物理学方面的不足。
Fog is a high-impact weather phenomenon affecting human activity, including aviation, transport, and health. Its prediction is a longstanding issue for weather forecast models. The success of a forecast depends on complex interactions among various meteorological and topographical parameters; even very small changes in some of these can determine the difference between thick fog and good visibility. This makes prediction of fog one of the most challenging goals for numerical weather prediction. The Local and Nonlocal Fog Experiment (LANFEX) is an attempt to improve our understanding of radiation fog formation through a combined field and numerical study. The 18-month field trial was deployed in the United Kingdom with an extensive range of equipment, including some novel measurements (e.g., dew measurement and thermal imaging). In a hilly area we instrumented flux towers in four adjacent valleys to observe the evolution of similar, but crucially different, meteorological conditions at the different sites. We correlated these with the formation and evolution of fog. The results indicate new quantitative insight into the subtle turbulent conditions required for the formation of radiation fog within a stable boundary layer. Modeling studies have also been conducted, concentrating on high-resolution forecast models and research models from 1.5-km to 100-m resolution. Early results show that models with a resolution of around 100 m are capable of reproducing the local-scale variability that can lead to the onset and development of radiation fog, and also have identified deficiencies in aerosol activation, turbulence, and cloud micro- and macrophysics, in model parameterizations.