The History and Distribution of Downy Brome (Bromus tectorum) in North America
The History and Distribution of Downy Brome (Bromus tectorum) in North America
复制标题
北美雀麦 (Bromus tectorum) 的历史和分布
DOI：
10.1017/s0043174500060173
复制
发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
P. Stahlman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. A. Morrow;P. Stahlman
毛毡雀麦（Bromus tectorum L. # BROTE）在北美的几个农业生产系统中已经发展成为一种严重的杂草，特别是在牧场和冬小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）中。自从这种一年生草本植物被引入这个半球以来，数百万公顷的冬小麦、牧场、紫花苜蓿、草种田、过度放牧的牧场以及其他作物都遭到了入侵。羽绒雀在美国西部的大盆地和哥伦比亚盆地地区最为丰富，但在整个美国大陆以及加拿大和墨西哥的部分地区都有发现。在某些情况下，过度放牧的牧场上的植被完全由毛茸茸的雀麦组成，而美国西部的冬小麦种植者宣称这是他们最严重的杂草问题。目前为控制土壤侵蚀而正在实施的耕作方法的改变，加上缺乏用于控制绒雀麦的选择性除草剂，助长了其增加和传播。
Downy brome (Bromus tectorum L. # BROTE) has developed into a severe weed in several agricultural production systems throughout North America, particularly on rangeland and in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Several million hectares of winter wheat, pastureland, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), grass seed fields, and overgrazed rangeland, as well as other crops, have been invaded by this annual grass since its introduction into this hemisphere. Downy brome is most abundant in the Great Basin and Columbia Basin areas of the western United States, but is found throughout the continental United States and parts of Canada and Mexico. In some cases, the vegetation on overgrazed rangeland consists totally of downy brome, while winter wheat growers in the western United States proclaim it as their worst weed problem. Changes in tillage practices that are currently being implemented for the control of soil erosion coupled with the lack of selective herbicides for the control of downy brome have aided its increase and spread.