A Scoping Review of Current Social Emergency Medicine Research.
A Scoping Review of Current Social Emergency Medicine Research.
复制标题
DOI：
10.5811/westjem.2021.4.51518
复制
发表时间：
2021-10-27
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lin MP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shah R;Della Porta A;Leung S;Samuels-Kalow M;Schoenfeld EM;Richardson LD;Lin MP
社会急救医学（EM）是一个新兴领域，研究紧急护理和影响健康结果的社会因素的交叉点。我们进行了范围界定审查，以探索与社会 EM 相关的现有研究的广度和内容，以确定未来社会 EM 研究工作应针对的潜在领域。我们根据之前发表的专家共识，使用与社会 EM 主题领域相关的医学主题词和短语（例如“无家可归”、“住房不稳定”）进行了全面的 PubMed 搜索。对于出版物总数少于 100 篇的搜索，我们使用 PubMed“类似出版物”工具来扩大搜索范围并确保不会遗漏任何相关出版物。研究由两名研究人员独立提取，如果在美国或加拿大急诊室 (ED) 进行，则将其归类为相关研究。我们按研究设计类型（观察或介入研究、系统评价或评论）、出版地点和年份对相关出版物进行分类。相关出版物或分类中的差异由第三位研究者进行了审查。我们的搜索策略产生了 1,571 篇出版物，其中 590 篇 (38%) 与社交新兴市场相关；相关出版物中，58 篇（10%）为干预性研究，410 篇（69%）为观察性研究，26 篇（4%）为系统评价，96 篇（16%）为评论。大多数（68%）研究是在 2010 年至 2020 年期间发表的。枪支研究，尤其是女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、跨性别者和酷儿 (LGBTQ) 健康研究在过去五年中增长迅速。人口贩运主题领域的干预研究比例最高（21%）。出版物的很大一部分（高达 42% 在枪支暴力主题领域）包括与儿童或儿科急诊室相关的观察数据或干预措施。搜索结果较多的领域通常包括许多出版物，这些出版物描述了已知会使 ED 患者容易出现不良后果的差异（例如社会经济或种族差异），或社会决定因素对 ED 使用的影响。尽管枪支暴力和 LGBTQ 健康等领域的研究活动比其他主题更多，但社会急救医学研究在过去 10 年中一直在增长。该领域将受益于共识驱动的研究议程。
Social emergency medicine (EM) is an emerging field that examines the intersection of emergency care and social factors that influence health outcomes. We conducted a scoping review to explore the breadth and content of existing research pertaining to social EM to identify potential areas where future social EM research efforts should be directed. We conducted a comprehensive PubMed search using Medical Subject Heading terms and phrases pertaining to social EM topic areas (e.g., “homelessness,” “housing instability”) based on previously published expert consensus. For searches that yielded fewer than 100 total publications, we used the PubMed “similar publications” tool to expand the search and ensure no relevant publications were missed. Studies were independently abstracted by two investigators and classified as relevant if they were conducted in US or Canadian emergency departments (ED). We classified relevant publications by study design type (observational or interventional research, systematic review, or commentary), publication site, and year. Discrepancies in relevant publications or classification were reviewed by a third investigator. Our search strategy yielded 1,571 publications, of which 590 (38%) were relevant to social EM; among relevant publications, 58 (10%) were interventional studies, 410 (69%) were observational studies, 26 (4%) were systematic reviews, and 96 (16%) were commentaries. The majority (68%) of studies were published between 2010–2020. Firearm research and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) health research in particular grew rapidly over the last five years. The human trafficking topic area had the highest percentage (21%) of interventional studies. A significant portion of publications -- as high as 42% in the firearm violence topic area – included observational data or interventions related to children or the pediatric ED. Areas with more search results often included many publications describing disparities known to predispose ED patients to adverse outcomes (e.g., socioeconomic or racial disparities), or the influence of social determinants on ED utilization. Social emergency medicine research has been growing over the past 10 years, although areas such as firearm violence and LGBTQ health have had more research activity than other topics. The field would benefit from a consensus-driven research agenda.