Both left and right posterior parietal activations contribute to compensatory processes in normal aging.
Both left and right posterior parietal activations contribute to compensatory processes in normal aging.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.10.022
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发表时间：
2012-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Park DC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang CM;Polk TA;Goh JO;Park DC
与年轻人相比，老年人的前额叶皮层往往表现出更大的大脑激活，有证据表明，这种激活的增加弥补了与年龄相关的神经退化，否则会对认知能力产生不利影响。对顶叶皮层的衰老和代偿性募集知之甚少。在这项与事件相关的功能磁共振成像研究中，我们向健康的年轻人和老年人参与者提供了两个Stroop样任务（数字大小和物理大小）。在年轻时，数字大小任务激活右顶叶皮层，物理大小任务激活左顶叶皮层。在老年人中，我们观察到对侧顶叶招募依赖于任务：在数量级任务中，老年参与者招募左后顶叶皮层（除了在年轻人中观察到的右顶叶活动），而在物理大小任务中，他们招募右后顶叶皮层（除了左后顶叶皮层）。在这两种情况下，额外的顶叶活动与更好的表现有关，这表明它发挥了补偿作用。老年人在这两项任务中也会招募左前额叶皮层，这种常见的激活也与更好的表现有关。这一结果为正常老化过程中顶叶皮层的任务特异性补偿性募集和前额叶皮层的任务非依赖性补偿性募集提供了证据。
Older adults often exhibit greater brain activation in prefrontal cortex compared to younger adults, and there is some evidence that this increased activation compensates for age-related neural degradation that would otherwise adversely affect cognitive performance. Less is known about aging and compensatory recruitment in the parietal cortex. In this event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging study, we presented healthy young and old participants with two Stroop-like tasks (number magnitude and physical size). In young, the number magnitude task activated right parietal cortex and the physical size task activated left parietal cortex. In older adults, we observed contralateral parietal recruitment that depended on the task: in the number magnitude task older participants recruited left posterior parietal cortex (in addition to the right parietal activity observed in young) while in the physical size task they recruited right (in addition to left) posterior parietal cortex. In both cases, the additional parietal activity was associated with better performance suggesting that it played a compensatory role. Older adults also recruited left prefrontal cortex during both tasks and this common activation was also associated with better performance. The results provide evidence for task-specific compensatory recruitment in parietal cortex as well as task-independent compensatory recruitment in prefrontal cortex in normal aging.
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