New frontiers in schistosoma genomics and transcriptomics.
New frontiers in schistosoma genomics and transcriptomics.
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DOI：
10.1155/2012/849132
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Oliveira G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nahum LA;Mourão MM;Oliveira G
血吸虫是鸟类和哺乳动物的双基因血吸虫，包括23个物种。一些物种是人类血吸虫病的病原体，血吸虫病是影响全球2.3亿多人的第二大被忽视的疾病。包括核酸和蛋白质的测序和表征在内的现代技术使对寄生虫和宿主的大规模分析成为可能，开辟了具有潜在生物医学和生物技术应用的生物研究的新领域。三个最重要的社会经济物种(血吸虫、日本血吸虫和曼氏血吸虫)的核基因组已经被测序，并正在进行密集的研究。6个血吸虫物种的线粒体基因组也被完全测序，并从进化的角度进行了分析。此外，线粒体序列的DNA条形码被用于血吸虫的生物多样性评估。尽管在血吸虫基因组和转录本的特征方面做出了努力，但关于这个重要分类群的生物学和进化的许多问题仍然没有得到回答。本文从基因组学和转录组学两个方面对血吸虫的研究进展进行了综述。讨论了当前血吸虫研究的主要挑战，并指出了血吸虫研究的未来方向。
Schistosomes are digenean blood flukes of aves and mammals comprising 23 species. Some species are causative agents of human schistosomiasis, the second major neglected disease affecting over 230 million people worldwide. Modern technologies including the sequencing and characterization of nucleic acids and proteins have allowed large-scale analyses of parasites and hosts, opening new frontiers in biological research with potential biomedical and biotechnological applications. Nuclear genomes of the three most socioeconomically important species (S. haematobium, S. japonicum, and S. mansoni) have been sequenced and are under intense investigation. Mitochondrial genomes of six Schistosoma species have also been completely sequenced and analysed from an evolutionary perspective. Furthermore, DNA barcoding of mitochondrial sequences is used for biodiversity assessment of schistosomes. Despite the efforts in the characterization of Schistosoma genomes and transcriptomes, many questions regarding the biology and evolution of this important taxon remain unanswered. This paper aims to discuss some advances in the schistosome research with emphasis on genomics and transcriptomics. It also aims to discuss the main challenges of the current research and to point out some future directions in schistosome studies.