Peak expiratory flow, breath rate and blood pressure in adults with changes in particulate matter air pollution during the Beijing Olympics: a panel study.
Peak expiratory flow, breath rate and blood pressure in adults with changes in particulate matter air pollution during the Beijing Olympics: a panel study.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2014.05.006
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发表时间：
2014-08
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Bonner MR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mu L;Deng F;Tian L;Li Y;Swanson M;Ying J;Browne RW;Rittenhouse-Olson K;Zhang JJ;Zhang ZF;Bonner MR
本研究旨在研究短期暴露于颗粒物的变化是否与健康成年人的肺功能，呼吸频率和血压变化相关，以及吸烟状态是否改变了这种关联。我们利用2008年北京奥运会期间人为控制的空气污染水平变化，对201名北京居民进行了一项小组研究。分别在奥运会之前、期间和之后收集数据。采用线性混合效应模型和广义估计方程模型比较三个时间点的呼气峰流量、呼吸频率和血压测量值。在三个研究期间，呼气峰流速的平均值分别为346.0 L/min、399.3 L/min和364.1 L/min。当比较奥运会期间和奥运会前的时间点时，78%的参与者的呼气峰流速水平增加，而80%的参与者的呼气峰流速水平在奥运会后和奥运会期间的比较中下降。在亚组分析中，比较了奥运会期间和奥运会前的时间点，我们发现女性、年轻人和不吸烟的参与者的呼气峰流量变化百分比（+17%）大于男性、老年人和吸烟者（+12%）。在三个时间点，女性中呼吸频率快（>20/min）的参与者百分比分别从9.7%、4.9%、30.1%变化，男性中从7.9%、2.6%、27.3%变化。在三个研究期间血压的变化不是很清楚，尽管在比赛期间男性的舒张压增加，脉压下降。结果表明，暴露于不同的空气污染水平对呼吸功能有显着影响。吸烟、年龄和性别似乎会改变参与者对空气质量变化的生物反应。
This study aims to examine whether changes in short-term exposures to particulate matter are associated with changes in lung function, breath rate, and blood pressure among healthy adults and whether smoking status modifies the association. We took advantage of the artificially controlled changes in air pollution levels that occurred during the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing, China and conducted a panel study of 201 Beijing residents. Data were collected before, during, and after the Olympics, respectively. Linear mixed-effects models and generalized estimating equation models were used to compare measurements of peak expiratory flow, breath rate, blood pressure across the three time points. The mean values of peak expiratory flow were 346.0 L/min, 399.3 L/min, and 364.1 L/min over the three study periods. Peak expiratory flow levels increased in 78% of the participants when comparing the during- and pre- Olympics time points, while peak expiratory flow levels decreased in 80% of participants for the post- and during-Olympic periods comparison. In subgroup analyses comparing the during -Olympic to pre-Olympic time points, we found a larger percentage change in peak expiratory flow (+17%) among female, younger and non-smoking participants than among male, elderly and smoking participants (+12%). The percentage of participants with a fast breath rate (>20/min) changed from 9.7%, to 4.9%, to 30.1% among females, and from 7.9%, to 2.6%, to 27.3% among males over the three time points respectively. The changes on blood pressure over the three study periods were not very clear, although there is an increase in diastolic pressure and a decrease in pulse pressure among males during the games. The results suggest that exposure to different air pollution levels has significant effects on respiratory function. Smoking, age and gender appear to modify participants’ biological response to changes in air quality.