The costs of emotional attention: Affective processing inhibits subsequent lexico-semantic analysis
The costs of emotional attention: Affective processing inhibits subsequent lexico-semantic analysis
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DOI：
10.1162/jocn.2007.19.12.1932
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发表时间：
2007-12-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Keil, Andreas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ihssen, Niklas;Heim, Sabine;Keil, Andreas
人类大脑已经进化到能够以优化的方式处理与动机相关的信息。情绪唤起材料的感知益处（称为动机性注意力）是通过不同级别的刺激分析的皮层电放大来索引的。一个突出的问题，特别是在神经元水平上，是指唤醒信号的感知增强是否以及如何转化为对在时间或空间上接近情感线索的信息的修改处理。本研究旨在探讨与任务无关的情感图片对后续单词识别的促进和干扰作用。在强制选择词汇决策任务的背景下，享乐效价和情绪唤醒不同的图片先于单词/伪词目标。通过测量和实验，与低唤起性图片相比，高唤起性图片与单词目标处理受损有关。无论刺激开始异步（80 毫秒、200 毫秒、440 毫秒）和显着的语义类别差异（例如，色情图片与残害图片），引起愉快和不愉快的图片都会延长单词反应时间。在神经元水平上，干扰反映在对两种目标类型的 N1 响应（204-264 毫秒）减少。与行为效应类似，与伪词目标相比，词对晚期积极性（404-704 毫秒）的抑制更为明显。区域源模型表明，早期减少效应源于与正字法处理相关的左下颞叶皮层后部区域的皮层活动受到抑制。后期减少效应的建模主张对包含左前颞叶和顶叶源的分布式语义网络进行干扰。因此，情感处理会干扰随后沿腹侧流的词汇语义分析。
The human brain has evolved to process motivationally relevant information in an optimized manner. The perceptual benefit for emotionally arousing material, termed motivated attention, is indexed by electrocortical amplification at various levels of stimulus analysis. An outstanding issue, particularly on a neuronal level, refers to whether and how perceptual enhancement for arousing signals translates into modified processing of information presented in temporal or spatial proximity to the affective cue. The present studies aimed to examine facilitation and interference effects of task-irrelevant emotional pictures on subsequent word identification. In the context of forced-choice lexical decision tasks, pictures varying in hedonic valence and emotional arousal preceded word/pseudoword targets. Across measures and experiments, high-arousing compared to low-arousing pictures were associated with impaired processing of word targets. Arousing pleasant and unpleasant pictures prolonged word reaction times irrespective of stimulus-onset asynchrony (80 msec, 200 msec, 440 msec) and salient semantic category differences (e.g., erotica vs. mutilation pictures). On a neuronal level, interference was reflected in reduced N1 responses (204-264 msec) to both target types. Paralleling behavioral effects, suppression of the late positivity (404-704 msec) was more pronounced for word compared to pseudoword targets. Regional source modeling indicated that early reduction effects originated from inhibited cortical activity in posterior areas of the left inferior temporal cortex associated with orthographic processing. Modeling of later reduction effects argues for interference in distributed semantic networks comprising left anterior temporal and parietal sources. Thus, affective processing interferes with subsequent lexico-semantic analysis along the ventral stream.